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the Stoics

  • 1 the stoics

    رواقيون‌

    English to Farsi dictionary > the stoics

  • 2 it is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle than...

    (it is easier for a camel to go (или to pass) through the eye of a needle than)
    ≈ легче верблюду пройти сквозь игольное ушко, чем... [часть выражения it is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle (или through a needle's eye) than for a rich man to enter into the kingdom of God; этим. библ. Matthew XIX, 24, Luke XVIII, 25]

    Ernie: "...it's easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle than for a rich man to enter the kingdom of Heaven. The rich have been trying to get round that for the last two thousand years." (W. S. Maugham, ‘Sheppey’, act 2) — Эрни: "...легче верблюду пройти сквозь игольное ушко, чем богатому войти в Царствие Небесное. Последние две тысячи лет богатые пытаются обойти это правило."

    Harder than for a camel to pass through the eye of a needle is it for a man to become a member of the Stoics' Club, except by virtue of the hereditary principle... (B. Shaw, ‘An Unsocial Socialist’, part III, ch. II) — Легче верблюду пройти сквозь игольное ушко, чем стать членом "Клуба стоиков", так как членство в этом клубе передается от отца к сыну...

    Verily, it is easier for a camel to pass through the eye of a needle, than for a rich man to enter into the feelings of the disinherited. (U. Sinclair, ‘Oil!’, ch. XIII) — Да, безусловно, легче верблюду пройти через игольное ушко, чем богачу понять чувства неимущих.

    Large English-Russian phrasebook > it is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle than...

  • 3 porticus

    portĭcus, ūs, f. (also heteroclit. acc. plur. PORTICOS, Inscr. Orell. 4043) [porta], a walk covered by a roof supported on columns, a colonnade, piazza, arcade, gallery, porch, portico, = stoa.
    I.
    Lit.:

    omnes porticus commetiri,

    Plaut. Most. 3, 3, 7:

    porticum aedificare,

    id. ib. 3, 2, 69; Cic. Att. 4, 16, 14:

    inambulare in porticu,

    id. Rep. 1, 12, 18:

    viae latae, porticus, etc.,

    id. ib. 3, 31, 43:

    porticuum laxitas,

    Suet. Calig. 37:

    porticuum,

    id. Dom. 14; Vitr. 5, 1:

    in amplis porticibus,

    Verg. A. 3, 353; cf. id. ib. 2, 528:

    me porticus excepit,

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 134; id. Ep. 1, 1, 71:

    porticus, in quā gestetur dominus,

    Juv. 7, 178:

    triplex,

    Vulg. Ezech. 42, 3.—In the upper story, Dig. 39, 2, 47.—
    II.
    Transf.
    * A.
    The entrance or porch of a tent ( poet.): saucii opplent porticus, the porches, Att. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 16, 38.—
    B.
    A weather-board, shed, Col. 9 praef. § 2; 9, 7, 4; 9, 14, 14.—
    2.
    A long shed or gallery to protect soldiers in sieges, Caes. B. C. 2, 2, 3.—
    3.
    The Porch or Portico, meaning the school of the Stoics (from stoa, porch, the place where Zeno taught); hence, transf., the Stoic philosophy, the Stoics:

    Chrysippus, qui fulcire putatur porticum Stoicorum,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 24, 75; cf. Hor. S. 2, 3, 44: clamat Zeno et tota illa porticus tumultuatur, Cic. Fragm. ap. Aug. contr. Ac. 3, 7; Gell. 12, 5, 10.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > porticus

  • 4 Stoica

    Stōĭcus, a, um, adj., = Stôïkos, of or belonging to the Stoic philosophy or to the Stoics, Stoic:

    schola,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 22 fin.:

    secta,

    Sen. Ep. 123, 14:

    sententia,

    id. ib. 22, 7:

    libelli,

    Hor. Epod. 8, 15:

    turba,

    Mart. 7, 69, 4:

    dogmata,

    Juv. 13, 121:

    disciplina,

    Gell. 19, 1, 1:

    Stoicum est,

    it is a saying of the Stoics, Cic. Ac. 2, 26, 85:

    non loquor tecum Stoicā linguā, sed hac submissiore,

    Sen. Ep. 13, 4:

    est aliquid in illo Stoici dei: nec cor nec caput habet,

    Sen. Apoc. 8.— Subst.: Stōĭcus, i, m., a Stoic philosopher, a Stoic, Cic. Par. praef. § 2; Hor. S. 2, 3, 160; 2, 3, 300; plur., Cic. Mur. 29, 61; and in philosophical writings saepissime.—
    2.
    Stōĭca, ōrum, n. plur., the Stoic philosophy, Cic. N. D. 1, 6, 15.— Adv.: Stōĭcē, like a Stoic, Stoically:

    agere austere et Stoice,

    Cic. Mur. 35, 74: dicere, id. Par. praef. § 3.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Stoica

  • 5 Stoicus

    Stōĭcus, a, um, adj., = Stôïkos, of or belonging to the Stoic philosophy or to the Stoics, Stoic:

    schola,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 22 fin.:

    secta,

    Sen. Ep. 123, 14:

    sententia,

    id. ib. 22, 7:

    libelli,

    Hor. Epod. 8, 15:

    turba,

    Mart. 7, 69, 4:

    dogmata,

    Juv. 13, 121:

    disciplina,

    Gell. 19, 1, 1:

    Stoicum est,

    it is a saying of the Stoics, Cic. Ac. 2, 26, 85:

    non loquor tecum Stoicā linguā, sed hac submissiore,

    Sen. Ep. 13, 4:

    est aliquid in illo Stoici dei: nec cor nec caput habet,

    Sen. Apoc. 8.— Subst.: Stōĭcus, i, m., a Stoic philosopher, a Stoic, Cic. Par. praef. § 2; Hor. S. 2, 3, 160; 2, 3, 300; plur., Cic. Mur. 29, 61; and in philosophical writings saepissime.—
    2.
    Stōĭca, ōrum, n. plur., the Stoic philosophy, Cic. N. D. 1, 6, 15.— Adv.: Stōĭcē, like a Stoic, Stoically:

    agere austere et Stoice,

    Cic. Mur. 35, 74: dicere, id. Par. praef. § 3.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Stoicus

  • 6 animus

    ănĭmus, i, m. [a Graeco-Italic form of anemos = wind (as ego, lego, of ego, lego); cf. Sanscr. an = to breathe, anas = breath, anilas = wind; Goth. uz-ana = exspiro; Erse, anal = breath; Germ. Unst = a storm (so, sometimes); but Curt. does not extend the connection to AФ, aêmi = to blow; a modification of animus—by making which the Romans took a step in advance of the Greeks, who used hê psuchê for both these ideas—is anima, which has the physical meaning of anemos, so that Cic. was theoretically right, but historically wrong, when he said, ipse animus ab anima dictus est, Tusc. 1, 9, 19; after the same analogy we have from psuchô = to breathe, blow, psuchê = breath, life, soul; from pneô = to breathe, pneuma = air, breath, life, in class. Greek, and = spirit, a spiritual being, in Hellenistic Greek; from spiro = to breathe, blow, spiritus = breath, breeze, energy, high spirit, and poet. and post-Aug. = soul, mind; the Engl. ghost = Germ. Geist may be comp. with Germ. giessen and cheô, to pour, and for this interchange of the ideas of gases and liquids, cf. Sol. 22: insula adspiratur freto Gallico, is flowed upon, washed, by the Gallic Strait; the Sanscr. atman = breath, soul, with which comp. aytmê = breath; Germ. Odem = breath, and Athem = breath, soul, with which group Curt. connects auô, aêmi; the Heb. = breath, life, soul; and = breath, wind, life, spirit, soul or mind].
    I.
    In a general sense, the rational soul in man (in opp. to the body, corpus, and to the physical life, anima), hê psuchê:

    humanus animus decerptus ex mente divina,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 13, 38:

    Corpus animum praegravat, Atque affixit humo divinae particulam aurae,

    Hor. S. 2, 2, 77:

    credo deos immortales sparsisse animos in corpora humana, ut essent qui terras tuerentur etc.,

    Cic. Sen. 21, 77:

    eas res tueor animi non corporis viribus,

    id. ib. 11, 38; so id. Off. 1, 23, 79:

    quae (res) vel infirmis corporibus animo tamen administratur,

    id. Sen. 6, 15; id. Off. 1, 29, 102:

    omnes animi cruciatus et corporis,

    id. Cat. 4, 5, 10:

    levantes Corpus et animum,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 141:

    formam et figuram animi magis quam corporis complecti,

    Tac. Agr. 46; id. H. 1, 22:

    animi validus et corpore ingens,

    id. A. 15, 53:

    Aristides primus animum pinxit et sensus hominis expressit, quae vocantur Graece ethe, item perturbationes,

    first painted the soul, put a soul into his figures, Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 98 (cf.:

    animosa signa,

    life-like statues, Prop. 4, 8, 9): si nihil esset in eo (animo), nisi id, ut per eum viveremus, i. e. were it mere anima, Cic. Tusc. 1, 24, 56:

    Singularis est quaedam natura atque vis animi, sejuncta ab his usitatis notisque naturis, i. e. the four material elements,

    id. ib. 1, 27, 66: Neque nos corpora sumus. Cum igitur nosce te dicit, hoc dicit, nosce animum tuum, id. ib. 1, 22, 52:

    In quo igitur loco est (animus)? Credo equidem in capite,

    id. ib. 1, 29, 70:

    corpora nostra, terreno principiorum genere confecta, ardore animi concalescunt,

    derive their heat from the fiery nature of the soul, id. ib. 1, 18, 42:

    Non valet tantum animus, ut se ipsum ipse videat: at, ut oculus, sic animus, se non videns alia cernit,

    id. ib. 1, 27, 67: foramina illa ( the senses), quae patent ad animum a corpore, callidissimo artificio natura fabricata est, id. ib. 1, 20, 47: dum peregre est animus sine corpore velox, independently of the body, i. e. the mind roaming in thought, Hor. Ep. 1, 12, 13:

    discessus animi a corpore,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 9, 18; 1, 30, 72:

    cum nihil erit praeter animum,

    when there shall be nothing but the soul, when the soul shall be disembodied, id. ib. 1, 20, 47; so,

    animus vacans corpore,

    id. ib. 1, 22, 50; and:

    animus sine corpore,

    id. ib. 1, 22, 51:

    sine mente animoque nequit residere per artus pars ulla animai,

    Lucr. 3, 398 (for the pleonasm here, v. infra, II. A. 1.):

    Reliquorum sententiae spem adferunt posse animos, cum e corporibus excesserint in caelum pervenire,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 11, 24:

    permanere animos arbitramur consensu nationum omnium,

    id. ib. 1, 16, 36:

    Pherecydes primus dixit animos esse hominum sempiternos,

    id. ib. 1, 16, 38:

    Quod ni ita se haberet, ut animi immortales essent, haud etc.,

    id. Sen. 23, 82: immortalitas animorum, id. ib. 21, 78; id. Tusc. 1, 11, 24; 1, 14, 30:

    aeternitas animorum,

    id. ib. 1, 17, 39; 1, 22, 50 (for the plur. animorum, in this phrase, cf. Cic. Sen. 23, 84); for the atheistic notions about the soul, v. Lucr. bk. iii.—
    II.
    In a more restricted sense, the mind as thinking, feeling, willing, the intellect, the sensibility, and the will, acc. to the almost universally received division of the mental powers since the time of Kant (Diog. Laert. 8, 30, says that Pythagoras divided hê psuchê into ho nous, hai phrenes, and ho thumos; and that man had ho nous and ho thumos in common with other animals, but he alone had hai phrenes. Here ho nous and ho thumos must denote the understanding and the sensibility, and hai phrenes, the reason. Plutarch de Placit. 4, 21, says that the Stoics called the supreme faculty of the mind (to hêgemonikon tês psuchês) ho logismos, reason. Cic. sometimes speaks of a twofold division; as, Est animus in partes tributus duas, quarum altera rationis est particeps, altera expers (i. e. to logistikon and to alogon of Plato; cf. Tert. Anim. 16), i. e. the reason or intellect and the sensibility, Tusc. 2, 21, 47; so id. Off. 1, 28, 101; 1, 36, 132; id. Tusc 4, 5, 10; and again of a threefold; as, Plato triplicem finxit animum, cujus principatum, id est rationem in capite sicut in arce posuit, et duas partes ( the two other parts) ei parere voluit, iram et cupiditatem, quas locis disclusit; iram in pectore, cupiditatem subter praecordia locavit, i. e. the reason or intellect, and the sensibility here resolved into desire and aversion, id. ib. 1, 10, 20; so id. Ac. 2, 39, 124. The will, hê boulêsis, voluntas, arbitrium, seems to have been sometimes merged in the sensibility, ho thumos, animus, animi, sensus, and sometimes identified with the intellect or reason, ho nous, ho logismos, mens, ratio).
    A.
    1.. The general power of perception and thought, the reason, intellect, mind (syn.: mens, ratio, ingenium), ho nous:

    cogito cum meo animo,

    Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 13; so Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 55:

    cum animis vestris cogitare,

    Cic. Agr. 2, 24:

    recordari cum animo,

    id. Clu. 25, 70;

    and without cum: animo meditari,

    Nep. Ages. 4, 1; cf. id. Ham. 4, 2:

    cogitare volvereque animo,

    Suet. Vesp. 5:

    animo cogitare,

    Vulg. Eccli. 37, 9:

    statuere apud animum,

    Liv. 34, 2:

    proposui in animo meo,

    Vulg. Eccli. 1, 12:

    nisi me animus fallit, hi sunt, etc.,

    Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 23:

    in dubio est animus,

    Ter. And. 1, 5, 31; id. ib. prol. 1; cf. id. ib. 1, 1, 29:

    animum ad se ipsum advocamus,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 31, 75:

    lumen animi, ingenii consiliique tui,

    id. Rep. 6, 12 al. —

    For the sake of rhet. fulness, animus often has a synonym joined with it: Mens et animus et consilium et sententia civitatis posita est in legibus,

    Cic. Clu. 146:

    magnam cui mentem animumque Delius inspirat vates,

    Verg. A. 6, 11:

    complecti animo et cogitatione,

    Cic. Off. 1, 32, 117; id. de Or. 1, 2, 6:

    animis et cogitatione comprehendere,

    id. Fl. 27, 66:

    cum omnia ratione animoque lustraris,

    id. Off. 1, 17, 56:

    animorum ingeniorumque naturale quoddam quasi pabulum consideratio naturae,

    id. Ac. 2, 41, 127.—Hence the expressions: agitatio animi, attentio, contentio; animi adversio; applicatio animi; judicium, opinio animorum, etc. (v. these vv.); and animum advertere, adjungere, adplicare, adpellere, inducere, etc. (v. these vv.).—
    2.
    Of particular faculties of mind, the memory:

    etiam nunc mihi Scripta illa dicta sunt in animo Chrysidis,

    Ter. And. 1, 5, 46:

    An imprimi, quasi ceram, animum putamus etc. (an idea of Aristotle's),

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 25, 61:

    ex animo effluere,

    id. de Or. 2, 74, 300: omnia fert aetas, animum quoque;

    ... Nunc oblita mihi tot carmina,

    Verg. E. 9, 51.—
    3.
    Consciousness (physically considered) or the vital power, on which consciousness depends ( = conscientia, q. v. II. A., or anima, q. v. II. E.):

    vae miserae mihi. Animo malest: aquam velim,

    I'm fainting, my wits are going, Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 6; id. Curc. 2, 3, 33:

    reliquit animus Sextium gravibus acceptis vulneribus,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 38:

    Una eademque via sanguis animusque sequuntur,

    Verg. A. 10, 487:

    animusque reliquit euntem,

    Ov. M. 10, 459:

    nisi si timor abstulit omnem Sensum animumque,

    id. ib. 14, 177:

    linqui deinde animo et submitti genu coepit,

    Curt. 4, 6, 20: repente animo linqui solebat, Suet. Caes. 45:

    ad recreandos defectos animo puleio,

    Plin. 20, 14, 54, § 152.—
    4.
    The conscience, in mal. part. (v. conscientia, II. B. 2. b.):

    cum conscius ipse animus se remordet,

    Lucr. 4, 1135:

    quos conscius animus exagitabat,

    Sall. C. 14, 3:

    suae malae cogitationes conscientiaeque animi terrent,

    Cic. Sex. Rosc. 67.—
    5.
    In Plaut. very freq., and once also in Cic., meton. for judicium, sententia, opinion, judgment; mostly meo quidem animo or meo animo, according to my mind, in my opinion, Plaut. Men. 1, 3, 17:

    e meo quidem animo aliquanto facias rectius, si, etc.,

    id. Aul. 3, 6, 3:

    meo quidem animo, hic tibi hodie evenit bonus,

    id. Bacch. 1, 1, 69; so id. Aul. 3, 5, 4; id. Curc. 4, 2, 28; id. Bacch. 3, 2, 10; id. Ep. 1, 2, 8; id. Poen. 1, 2, 23; id. Rud. 4, 4, 94; Cic. Sest. 22:

    edepol lenones meo animo novisti,

    Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 19:

    nisi, ut meus est animus, fieri non posse arbitror,

    id. Cist. 1, 1, 5 (cf.:

    EX MEI ANIMI SENTENTIA,

    Inscr. Orell. 3665:

    ex animi tui sententia,

    Cic. Off. 3, 29, 108).—
    6.
    The imagination, the fancy (for which Cic. often uses cogitatio, as Ac. 2, 15, 48):

    cerno animo sepultam patriam, miseros atque insepultos acervos civium,

    Cic. Cat. 4, 6, 11:

    fingere animo jubebat aliquem etc.,

    id. Sen. 12, 41: Fingite animis;

    litterae enim sunt cogitationes nostrae, et quae volunt, sic intuentur, ut ea cernimus, quae videmus,

    id. Mil. 29, 79:

    Nihil animo videre poterant,

    id. Tusc. 1, 16, 38.—
    B.
    The power of feeling, the sensibility, the heart, the feelings, affections, inclinations, disposition, passions (either honorable or base; syn.: sensus, adfectus, pectus, cor), ho thumos.
    1.
    a.. In gen., heart, soul, spirit, feeling, inclination, affection, passion: Medea, animo aegra, amore saevo saucia, Enn. ap. Auct. ad Her. 2, 22 (cf. Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 36:

    animo hercle homo suo est miser): tu si animum vicisti potius quam animus te, est quod gaudeas, etc.,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 27 -29:

    harum scelera et lacrumae confictae dolis Redducunt animum aegrotum ad misericordiam,

    Ter. And. 3, 3, 27:

    Quo gemitu conversi animi (sunt),

    Verg. A. 2, 73:

    Hoc fletu concussi animi,

    id. ib. 9, 498;

    4, 310: animum offendere,

    Cic. Lig. 4; id. Deiot. 33; so Vulg. Gen. 26, 35.—Mens and animus are often conjoined and contrasted, mind and heart (cf. the Homeric kata phrena kai kata thumon, in mind and heart): mentem atque animum delectat suum, entertains his mind and delights his heart, Enn. ap. Gell. 19, 10:

    Satin tu sanus mentis aut animi tui?

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 53:

    mala mens, malus animus,

    bad mind, bad heart, Ter. And. 1, 1, 137:

    animum et mentem meam ipsa cogitatione hominum excellentium conformabam,

    Cic. Arch. 6, 14:

    Nec vero corpori soli subveniendum est, sed menti atque animo multo magis,

    id. Sen. 11, 36:

    ut omnium mentes animosque perturbaret,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 39; 1, 21:

    Istuc mens animusque fert,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 8:

    Stare Socrates dicitur tamquam quodam recessu mentis atque animi facto a corpore,

    Gell. 2, 1; 15, 2, 7.—

    And very rarely with this order inverted: Jam vero animum ipsum mentemque hominis, etc.,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 59, 147:

    mente animoque nobiscum agunt,

    Tac. G. 29:

    quem nobis animum, quas mentes imprecentur,

    id. H. 1, 84;

    and sometimes pleon. without such distinction: in primis regina quietum Accipit in Teucros animum mentemque benignam,

    a quiet mind and kindly heart, Verg. A. 1, 304; so,

    pravitas animi atque ingenii,

    Vell. 2, 112, 7 (for mens et animus, etc., in the sense of thought, used as a pleonasm, v. supra, II. A. 1.):

    Verum animus ubi semel se cupiditate devinxit mala, etc.,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 34:

    animus perturbatus et incitatus nec cohibere se potest, nec quo loco vult insistere,

    Cic. Tusc. 4, 18, 41:

    animum comprimit,

    id. ib. 2, 22, 53:

    animus alius ad alia vitia propensior,

    id. ib. 4, 37, 81; id. ad Q. Fr. 1, 1:

    sed quid ego hic animo lamentor,

    Enn. Ann. 6, 40:

    tremere animo,

    Cic. ad Q. Fr. 1, 1, 4:

    ingentes animo concipit iras,

    Ov. M. 1, 166:

    exsultare animo,

    id. ib. 6, 514.—So often ex animo, from the heart, from the bottom of one's heart, deeply, truly, sincerely:

    Paulum interesse censes ex animo omnia facias an de industria?

    from your heart or with some design, Ter. And. 4, 4, 55; id. Ad. 1, 1, 47:

    nisi quod tibi bene ex animo volo,

    id. Heaut. 5, 2, 6: verbum [p. 124] ex animo dicere, id. Eun. 1, 2, 95:

    sive ex animo id fit sive simulate,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 67, 168:

    majore studio magisve ex animo petere non possum,

    id. Fam. 11, 22:

    ex animo vereque diligi,

    id. ib. 9, 6, 2:

    ex animo dolere,

    Hor. A. P. 432:

    quae (gentes) dederunt terram meam sibi cum gaudio et toto corde et ex animo,

    Vulg. Ezech. 36, 5; ib. Eph. 6, 6; ib. 1 Pet. 5, 3.—And with gen.
    (α).
    With verbs:

    Quid illam miseram animi excrucias?

    Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 76; 4, 6, 65:

    Antipho me excruciat animi,

    Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 10:

    discrucior animi,

    id. Ad. 4, 4, 1:

    in spe pendebit animi,

    id. Heaut. 4, 4, 5: juvenemque animi miserata repressit, pitying him in her heart, thumôi phileousa te kêdomenê te (Hom. Il. 1, 196), Verg. A. 10, 686.—
    (β).
    With adjj.:

    aeger animi,

    Liv. 1, 58; 2, 36; 6, 10; Curt. 4, 3, 11; Tac. H. 3, 58:

    infelix animi,

    Verg. A. 4, 529:

    felix animi,

    Juv. 14, 159:

    victus animi,

    Verg. G. 4, 491:

    ferox animi,

    Tac. A. 1, 32:

    promptus animi,

    id. H. 2, 23:

    praestans animi,

    Verg. A. 12, 19:

    ingens animi,

    Tac. A. 1, 69 (for this gen. v. Ramsh. Gr. p. 323; Key, § 935; Wagner ad Plaut. Aul. v. 105; Draeger, Hist. Synt. I. p. 443).—
    b.
    Meton., disposition, character (so, often ingenium): nimis paene animo es Molli, Pac. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 21, 49:

    animo audaci proripit sese,

    Pac. Trag. Rel. p. 109 Rib.:

    petulans protervo, iracundo animo,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 3, 1; id. Truc. 4, 3, 1:

    ubi te vidi animo esse omisso (omisso = neglegenti, Don.),

    Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 9; Cic. Fam. 2. 17 fin.:

    promptus animus vester,

    Vulg. 2 Cor. 9, 2: animis estis simplicibus et mansuetis nimium creditis unicuique, Auct. ad Her. 4, 37:

    eorum animi molles et aetate fluxi dolis haud difficulter capiebantur,

    Sall. C. 14, 5:

    Hecabe, Non oblita animorum, annorum oblita suorum,

    Ov. M. 13, 550:

    Nihil est tam angusti animi tamque parvi, quam amare divitias,

    Cic. Off. 1, 20, 68:

    sordidus atque animi parvi,

    Hor. S. 1, 2, 10; Vell. 2, 25, 3:

    Drusus animi fluxioris erat,

    Suet. Tib. 52.—
    2.
    In particular, some one specific emotion, inclination, or passion (honorable or base; in this signif., in the poets and prose writers, very freq. in the plur.). —
    a.
    Courage, spirit:

    ibi nostris animus additus est,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 94; cf. Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 31; id. And. 2, 1, 33:

    deficiens animo maesto cum corde jacebat,

    Lucr. 6, 1232:

    virtute atque animo resistere,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 2, 8:

    fac animo magno fortique sis,

    id. ib. 6, 14 fin.:

    Cassio animus accessit, et Parthis timor injectus est,

    id. Att. 5, 20, 3:

    nostris animus augetur,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 70:

    mihi in dies magis animus accenditur,

    Sall. C. 20, 6; Cic. Att. 5, 18; Liv. 8, 19; 44, 29:

    Nunc demum redit animus,

    Tac. Agr. 3:

    bellica Pallas adest, Datque animos,

    Ov. M. 5, 47:

    pares annis animisque,

    id. ib. 7, 558:

    cecidere illis animique manusque,

    id. ib. 7, 347 (cf.:

    tela viris animusque cadunt,

    id. F. 3, 225) et saep.—Hence, bono animo esse or uti, to be of good courage, Varr. R. R. 2, 5, 5: Am. Bono animo es. So. Scin quam bono animo sim? Plaut. Am. 22, 39:

    In re mala animo si bono utare, adjuvat,

    id. Capt. 2, 1, 9:

    bono animo fac sis,

    Ter. Ad. 3, 5, 1:

    quin tu animo bono es,

    id. ib. 4, 2, 4:

    quare bono animo es,

    Cic. Att. 5, 18; so Vulg. 2 Macc. 11, 26; ib. Act. 18, 25;

    so also, satis animi,

    sufficient courage, Ov. M. 3, 559.—Also for hope:

    magnus mihi animus est, hodiernum diem initium libertatis fore,

    Tac. Agr, 30.— Trop., of the violent, stormy motion of the winds of AEolus:

    Aeolus mollitque animos et temperat iras,

    Verg. A. 1, 57.—Of a top:

    dant animos plagae,

    give it new force, quicker motion, Verg. A. 7, 383.—

    Of spirit in discourse: in Asinio Pollione et consilii et animi satis,

    Quint. 10, 1, 113. —
    b.
    Haughtiness, arrogance, pride: quae civitas est in Asia, quae unius tribuni militum animos ac spiritus capere possit? can bear the arrogance and pride, etc., Cic. Imp. Pomp. 22, 66:

    jam insolentiam noratis hominis: noratis animos ejus ac spiritus tribunicios,

    id. Clu. 39, 109; so id. Caecin. 11 al.; Ov. Tr. 5, 8, 3 (cf.:

    quia paululum vobis accessit pecuniae, Sublati animi sunt,

    Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 56).—
    c.
    Violent passion, vehemence, wrath:

    animum vincere, iracundiam cohibere, etc.,

    Cic. Marcell. 3:

    animum rege, qui nisi paret Imperat,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 62:

    qui dominatur animo suo,

    Vulg. Prov. 16, 32.—So often in plur.; cf hoi thumoi: ego meos animos violentos meamque iram ex pectore jam promam, Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 43:

    vince animos iramque tuam,

    Ov. H. 3, 85; id. M. 8, 583; Prop. 1, 5, 12:

    Parce tuis animis, vita, nocere tibi,

    id. 2, 5, 18:

    Sic longius aevum Destruit ingentes animos,

    Luc. 8, 28:

    coeunt sine more, sine arte, Tantum animis iraque,

    Stat. Th. 11, 525 al. —
    d.
    Moderation, patience, calmness, contentedness, in the phrase aequus animus, an even mind:

    si est animus aequos tibi,

    Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 10; id. Rud. 2, 3, 71; Cic. Rosc. Am. 50, 145; and often in the abl., aequo animo, with even mind, patiently, etc.:

    aequo animo ferre,

    Ter. And. 2, 3, 23; Cic. Tusc. 1, 39, 93; id. Sen. 23, 84; Nep. Dion. 6, 4; Liv. 5, 39:

    aequo animo esse,

    Vulg. 3 Reg. 21, 7; ib. Judith, 7, 23: Aequo animo est? of merry heart (Gr. euthumei), ib. Jac. 5, 13:

    animis aequis remittere,

    Cic. Clu. 2, 6:

    aequiore animo successorem opperiri,

    Suet. Tib. 25:

    haud aequioribus animis audire,

    Liv. 23, 22: sapientissimus quisque aequissimo animo moritur; stultissimus iniquissimo. Cic. Sen. 23, 83; so id. Tusc. 1, 45, 109; Sall. C. 3, 2; Suet. Aug. 56:

    iniquo animo,

    Att. Trag. Rel. p. 150 Rib.; Cic. Tusc. 2, 2, 5; Quint. 11, 1, 66.—
    e.
    Agreeable feeling, pleasure, delight:

    cubat amans animo obsequens,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 134:

    indulgent animis, et nulla quid utile cura est,

    Ov. M. 7, 566; so, esp. freq.: animi causa (in Plaut. once animi gratia), for the sake of amusement, diversion (cf.:

    haec (animalia) alunt animi voluptatisque causa,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 12):

    Post animi causa mihi navem faciam,

    Plaut. Rud. 4, 2, 27; so id. Trin. 2, 2, 53; id. Ep. 1, 1, 43:

    liberare fidicinam animi gratia,

    id. ib. 2, 2, 90:

    qui illud animi causa fecerit, hunc praedae causa quid facturum putabis?

    Cic. Phil. 7, 6:

    habet animi causa rus amoenum et suburbanum,

    id. Rosc. Am. 46 Matth.; cf. id. ib. § 134, and Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 2, 17, 56; Cic. Fam. 7, 2:

    Romanos in illis munitionibus animine causa cotidie exerceri putatis?

    Caes. B. G. 7, 77; Plin. praef. 17 Sill.—
    f.
    Disposition toward any one:

    hoc animo in nos esse debebis, ut etc.,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 1 fin.:

    meus animus erit in te semper, quem tu esse vis,

    id. ib. 5, 18 fin.:

    qui, quo animo inter nos simus, ignorant,

    id. ib. 3, 6; so id. ib. 4, 15;

    5, 2: In quo in primis quo quisque animo, studio, benevolentia fecerit, ponderandum est,

    id. Off. 1, 15, 49:

    quod (Allobroges) nondum bono animo in populum Romanum viderentur,

    to be well disposed, Caes. B. G. 1, 6 fin. —In the pregn. signif. of kind, friendly feeling, affection, kindness, liberality:

    animum fidemque praetorianorum erga se expertus est,

    Suet. Oth. 8:

    Nec non aurumque animusque Latino est,

    Verg. A. 12, 23.—Hence, meton., of a person who is loved, my heart, my soul:

    salve, anime mi,

    Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 3:

    da, meus ocellus, mea rosa, mi anime, da, mea voluptas,

    id. As. 3, 3, 74; so id. ib. 5, 2, 90; id. Curc. 1, 3, 9; id. Bacch. 1, 1, 48; id. Most. 1, 4, 23; id. Men. 1, 3, 1; id. Mil. 4, 8, 20; id. Rud. 4, 8, 1; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 15 et saep. —
    C.
    The power of willing, the will, inclination, desire, purpose, design, intention (syn.: voluntas, arbitrium, mens, consilium, propositum), hê boulêsis:

    qui rem publicam animo certo adjuverit,

    Att. Trag Rel. p. 182 Rib.:

    pro inperio tuo meum animum tibi servitutem servire aequom censui,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 23:

    Ex animique voluntate id procedere primum,

    goes forth at first from the inclination of the soul, Lucr. 2, 270; so,

    pro animi mei voluntate,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 8 (v. Manut. ad h.l.):

    teneo, quid animi vostri super hac re siet,

    Plaut. Am. prol. 58; 1, 1, 187:

    Nam si semel tuom animum ille intellexerit, Prius proditurum te etc.,

    Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 69:

    Prius quam tuom ut sese habeat animum ad nuptias perspexerit,

    id. And. 2, 3, 4:

    Sin aliter animus voster est, ego etc.,

    id. Ad. 3, 4, 46:

    Quid mi istaec narras? an quia non audisti, de hac re animus meus ut sit?

    id. Hec. 5, 2, 19:

    qui ab auro gazaque regia manus, oculos, animum cohibere possit,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 66:

    istum exheredare in animo habebat,

    id. Rosc. Am. 18, 52: nobis crat in animo Ciceronem ad Caesarem mittere, we had it in mind to send, etc., id. Fam. 14, 11; Serv. ad Cic. ib. 4, 12:

    hostes in foro constiterunt, hoc animo, ut, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 28:

    insurrexerunt uno animo in Paulum,

    with one mind, Vulg. Act. 18, 12; 19, 29: persequi Jugurtham animus ardebat, Sall. J. 39, 5 Gerlach (others, animo, as Dietsch); so id. de Rep. Ord. 1, 8: in nova fert an mus mutatas dicere formas, my mind inclines to tell of, etc., Ov. M. 1, 1.—Hence, est animus alicui, with inf., to have a mind for something, to aim at, etc.:

    omnibus unum Opprimere est animus,

    Ov. M. 5, 150:

    Sacra Jovi Stygio perficere est animus,

    Verg. A. 4, 639:

    Fuerat animus conjuratis corpus occisi in Tiberim trahere,

    Suet. Caes. 82 fin.; id. Oth. 6; cf. id. Calig. 56.—So, aliquid alicui in animo est, with inf., Tac. G. 3.—So, inducere in animum or animum, to resolve upon doing something; v. induco.—
    D.
    Trop., of the principle of life and activity in irrational objects, as in Engl. the word mind is used.
    1.
    Of brutes:

    in bestiis, quarum animi sunt rationis expertes,

    whose minds, Cic. Tusc. 1, 33, 80:

    Sunt bestiae, in quibus etiam animorum aliqua ex parte motus quosdam videmus,

    id. Fin. 5, 14, 38:

    ut non inscite illud dictum videatur in sue, animum illi pecudi datum pro sale, ne putisceret,

    id. ib. 5, 13, 38, ubi v. Madv.:

    (apes Ingentes animos angusto in pectore versant,

    Verg. G. 4, 83:

    Illiusque animos, qui multos perdidit unus, Sumite serpentis,

    Ov. M. 3, 544:

    cum pecudes pro regionis caelique statu et habitum corporis et ingenium animi et pili colorem gerant,

    Col. 6, 1, 1:

    Umbria (boves progenerat) vastos nec minus probabiles animis quam corporibus,

    id. 6, 1, 2 si equum ipsum nudum et solum corpus ejus et animum contemplamur, App. de Deo Socr. 23 (so sometimes mens:

    iniquae mentis asellus,

    Hor. S. 1, 9, 20).—
    2.
    Of plants:

    haec quoque Exuerint silvestrem animum, i. e. naturam, ingenium,

    their wild nature, Verg. G. 2, 51.—
    III.
    Transf. Of God or the gods, as we say, the Divine Mind, the Mind of God:

    certe et deum ipsum et divinum animum corpore liberatum cogitatione complecti possumus,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 22, 51 (so mens, of God, id. ib. 1, 22, 66; id. Ac. 2, 41, 126):

    Tantaene animis caelestibus irae?

    Verg. A. 1, 11.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > animus

  • 7 principle

    noun
    1) Prinzip, das

    on the principle that... — nach dem Grundsatz, dass...

    be based on the principle that... — auf dem Grundsatz basieren, dass...

    basic principle — Grundprinzip, das

    go back to first principles — zu den Grundlagen zurückgehen

    in principle — im Prinzip

    it's the principle [of the thing] — es geht [dabei] ums Prinzip

    a man of high principle or strong principles — ein Mann von od. mit hohen Prinzipien

    do something on principle or as a matter of principle — etwas prinzipiell od. aus Prinzip tun

    2) (Phys.) Lehrsatz, der
    * * *
    ['prinsəpəl]
    1) (a general truth, rule or law: the principle of gravity.) das Gesetz
    2) (the theory by which a machine etc works: the principle of the jet engine.) die Grundregel
    •
    - academic.ru/117990/principles">principles
    - in principle
    - on principle
    * * *
    prin·ci·ple
    [ˈprɪn(t)səpl̩]
    n
    1. (basic concept) Prinzip nt
    basic [or guiding] \principle Grundprinzip nt, Leitsatz m
    on Socialist \principles nach sozialistischen Prinzipien
    2. (fundamental) Grundlage f
    the elementary \principles of physics die Grundgesetze pl der Physik
    to function [or operate] on a \principle nach einem Prinzip funktionieren
    \principle of conservation of energy Energieerhaltungssatz m
    \principle of least restraint Prinzip nt des kleinsten Zwanges
    3. ( approv: moral code) Prinzip nt, Grundsatz m
    it's the \principle of the thing es geht [dabei] ums Prinzip
    cheating is against my \principles Betrug verstößt gegen meine Prinzipien
    to be a man of \principle ein Mann mit Prinzipien [o Grundsätzen] sein
    to stick to one's \principles an seinen Prinzipien festhalten
    4. CHEM Grundbestandteil m
    5.
    ▶ in \principle im Prinzip
    ▶ on [or as a matter of] \principle aus Prinzip
    * * *
    ['prInsɪpl]
    n
    1) Prinzip nt

    to go back to first principles — zu den Grundlagen zurückgehen

    2) (= moral precept) Prinzip nt, Grundsatz m; (no pl = integrity) Prinzipien pl, Grundsätze pl

    in/on principle — im/aus Prinzip, prinzipiell

    a man of principle(s) — ein Mensch mit or von Prinzipien or Grundsätzen

    it's a matter of principle, it's the principle of the thing — es geht dabei ums Prinzip

    3) (= basic element) Element nt
    * * *
    principle [ˈprınsəpl] s
    1. Prinzip n, Grundsatz m:
    a man of principle ein Mann mit Prinzipien oder Grundsätzen;
    principle of efficiency Leistungsprinzip
    2. (Grund-)Prinzip n, (-)Regel f, Leitsatz m:
    principle of law Rechtsgrundsatz m;
    in principle im Prinzip, prinzipiell;
    on principle aus Prinzip, prinzipiell, grundsätzlich;
    on the principle that … nach dem Grundsatz, dass …
    3. Grundwahrheit f, -begriff m, -lehre f, Prinzip n:
    4. wissenschaftlich: Prinzip n, (Natur)Gesetz n, Satz m:
    principle of averages Mittelwertsatz;
    principle of least action Prinzip der geringsten Wirkung;
    principle of relativity Relativitätstheorie f, -lehre f (Einsteins);
    principle of sums Summensatz; → causality 1
    5. Grund(lage) m(f), Quelle f, Ursprung m, treibende Kraft
    6. Grundzug m, Charakteristikum n
    7. CHEM Grundbestandteil m
    prin. abk
    1. principal (principally)
    * * *
    noun
    1) Prinzip, das

    on the principle that... — nach dem Grundsatz, dass...

    be based on the principle that... — auf dem Grundsatz basieren, dass...

    basic principle — Grundprinzip, das

    it's the principle [of the thing] — es geht [dabei] ums Prinzip

    a man of high principle or strong principles — ein Mann von od. mit hohen Prinzipien

    do something on principle or as a matter of principle — etwas prinzipiell od. aus Prinzip tun

    2) (Phys.) Lehrsatz, der
    * * *
    n.
    Grundsatz m.
    Prinzip -ien n.
    Ursache -n f.

    English-german dictionary > principle

  • 8 populares

    pŏpŭlāris (sync. poplāris, Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 36), e, adj. [1. populus], of or belonging to the people, proceeding from or designed for the people.
    I.
    In gen.:

    populares leges,

    i. e. laws instituted by the people, Cic. Leg. 2, 4, 9:

    accessus,

    id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8, § 25:

    coetus,

    id. Ac. 2, 2, 6:

    munus,

    a donation to the people, id. Off. 2, 16, 56:

    popularia verba usitata,

    id. ib. 2, 10, 35; cf.:

    ad usum popularem atque civilem disserere,

    id. Leg. 3, 6, 14:

    dictio ad vulgarem popularemque sensum accommodata,

    id. de Or. 1, 23, 108:

    oratio philosophorum... nec sententiis nec verbis instructa popularibus,

    id. Or. 19, 64:

    popularis oratio,

    id. ib. 44, 151:

    populari nomine aliquid appellare,

    Plin. 13, 4, 9, § 48:

    laudes,

    in the mouths of the people, Cic. Ac. 2, 2, 6:

    admiratio,

    id. Fam. 7, 1, 2:

    honor,

    Cic. Dom. 18:

    ventus,

    popular favor, id. Clu. 47, 130 init.:

    aura,

    Hor. C. 3, 2, 20:

    civitas,

    democracy, Plin. 7, 56, 57, § 200 (opp. regia civitas, monarchy):

    popularia sacra sunt, ut ait Labeo, quae omnes cives faciunt nec certis familiis attributa sunt,

    Fest. p.253 Müll.—
    B.
    Subst.: pŏpŭlārĭa, ĭum, n. (sc. subsellia), the seats of the people in the theatre, the common seats, Suet. Claud. 25; id. Dom. 4 fin. —
    II.
    In partic.
    A.
    Of or belonging to the same people or country, native, indigenous (as an adj. rare):

    Sappho puellis de popularibus querentem vidimus,

    Hor. C. 2, 13, 25:

    flumina,

    of the same district, Ov. M. 1, 577:

    oliva,

    native, id. ib. 7, 498.—
    2.
    As subst.: pŏpŭlāris, is, comm. (freq. and class.).
    (α).
    Masc., a countryman, fellow-countryman:

    redire ad suos populares, Naev. ap. Fest. s. v. stuprum, p. 317 Müll.: o mi popularis, salve,

    Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 79:

    o populares,

    Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 1; id. Ad. 2, 1, 1:

    popularis ac sodalis suus,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 37, 118:

    ego vero Solonis, popularis tui, ut puto, etiam mei, legem neglegam (for Cicero had also lived in Athens),

    id. Att. 10, 1, 2:

    popularis alicujus definiti loci (opp. civis totius mundi),

    id. Leg. 1, 23, 61:

    non populares modo,

    Liv. 29, 1:

    cum turbā popularium,

    Just. 43, 1, 6: quae res indicabat populares esse.—
    (β).
    Fem.:

    mea popularis opsecro haec est?

    Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 35; 4, 4, 36; 4, 8, 4 al.; Sall. J. 58, 4:

    tibi popularis,

    Ov. M. 12, 191.—
    b.
    Transf.
    (α).
    Of animals and plants of the same region:

    leaena, Ov. lb. 503: (glires) populares ejusdem silvae (opp. alienigenae, amne vel monte discreti),

    Plin. 8, 57, 82, § 224:

    populares eorum (prunorum) myxae,

    id. 15, 13, 12, § 43.—
    (β).
    Of persons of the same condition, occupation, tastes, etc., a companion, partner, associate, accomplice, comrade: meus popularis Geta, fellow (i. e. a slave), Ter. Phorm. 1, 1, 1:

    populares conjurationis,

    Sall. C. 24, 1; 52, 14:

    sceleris,

    id. ib. 22, 1: invitis hoc nostris popularibus dicam, the men of our school, i. e. the Stoics, Sen. Vit. Beat. 13.—
    B.
    In a political signification, of or belonging to the people, attached or devoted to the people (as opposed to the nobility), popular, democratic:

    res publica ex tribus generibus illis, regali et optumati et populari confusa modice,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 23, 41 (ap. Non. 342, 31):

    homo maxime popularis,

    Cic. Clu. 28, 77:

    consul veritate non ostentatione popularis,

    id. Agr. 1, 7, 23: animus vere popularis, saluti populi consulens, id. Cat. 4, 5, 9:

    ingenium,

    Liv. 2, 24:

    sacerdos, i. e. Clodius, as attached to the popular party,

    Cic. Sest. 30, 66:

    vir,

    Liv. 6, 20: homo, of the common people (opp. rex), Vulg. Sap. 18, 11. —Hence, subst.: pŏpŭlāres, ĭum, m., the people's party, the democrats (opp. optimates, the aristocrats):

    duo genera semper in hac civitate fuerunt... quibus ex generibus alteri se populares, alteri optimates et haberi et esse voluerunt. Quia ea quae faciebant, multitudini jucunda esse volebant, populares habebantur,

    Cic. Sest. 45, 96:

    qui populares habebantur,

    id. ib. 49, 105:

    ex quo evenit, ut alii populares, alii studiosi optimi cujusque videantur,

    id. Off. 1, 25, 85.—
    C.
    Acceptable to the people, agreeable to the multitude, popular:

    dixi in senatu me popularem consulem futurum. Quid enim est tam populare quam pax?

    Cic. Agr. 2, 4, 9:

    potest nihil esse tam populare quam id quod ego consul popularis adfero, pacem, etc.,

    id. ib. 2, 37, 102:

    quo nihil popularius est,

    Liv. 7, 33, 3:

    populare gratumque audientibus,

    Plin. Paneg. 77, 4.—
    D.
    Of or belonging to the citizens (as opposed to the soldiery):

    quique rem agunt duelli, quique populare auspicium,

    Cic. Leg.2, 8; cf.Amm. 14, 10; usually as subst.: popŭlāris, is, m., a citizen (post-class.):

    multa milia et popularium et militum,

    Capitol. Ant. Phil. 17; Dig. 1, 12, 1 fin.:

    popularibus militibusque,

    Juv. 26, 3, 5; Amm. 22, 2.—
    E.
    Belonging to or fit for the common people; hence, common, coarse, mean, bad: sal. Cato, R. R. 88:

    pulli (apium),

    Col. 9, 11, 4: popularia agere, to play coarse tricks, Laber. ap. Non. 150, 25.—Hence, adv.: pŏpŭlārĭter.
    A.
    After the manner of the common people, i. e. commonly, coarsely, vulgarly, Cic. Rep. 6, 22, 24:

    loqui,

    id. Fin. 2, 6, 17:

    scriptus liber (opp. limatius),

    id. ib. 5, 5, 12.—
    B.
    In a popular manner, popularly, democratically:

    agere,

    Cic. Off. 2, 21, 73:

    conciones seditiose ac populariter excitatae,

    id. Clu. 34, 93:

    occidere quemlibet populariter,

    to win popularity, Juv. 3, 37.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > populares

  • 9 popularis

    pŏpŭlāris (sync. poplāris, Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 36), e, adj. [1. populus], of or belonging to the people, proceeding from or designed for the people.
    I.
    In gen.:

    populares leges,

    i. e. laws instituted by the people, Cic. Leg. 2, 4, 9:

    accessus,

    id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8, § 25:

    coetus,

    id. Ac. 2, 2, 6:

    munus,

    a donation to the people, id. Off. 2, 16, 56:

    popularia verba usitata,

    id. ib. 2, 10, 35; cf.:

    ad usum popularem atque civilem disserere,

    id. Leg. 3, 6, 14:

    dictio ad vulgarem popularemque sensum accommodata,

    id. de Or. 1, 23, 108:

    oratio philosophorum... nec sententiis nec verbis instructa popularibus,

    id. Or. 19, 64:

    popularis oratio,

    id. ib. 44, 151:

    populari nomine aliquid appellare,

    Plin. 13, 4, 9, § 48:

    laudes,

    in the mouths of the people, Cic. Ac. 2, 2, 6:

    admiratio,

    id. Fam. 7, 1, 2:

    honor,

    Cic. Dom. 18:

    ventus,

    popular favor, id. Clu. 47, 130 init.:

    aura,

    Hor. C. 3, 2, 20:

    civitas,

    democracy, Plin. 7, 56, 57, § 200 (opp. regia civitas, monarchy):

    popularia sacra sunt, ut ait Labeo, quae omnes cives faciunt nec certis familiis attributa sunt,

    Fest. p.253 Müll.—
    B.
    Subst.: pŏpŭlārĭa, ĭum, n. (sc. subsellia), the seats of the people in the theatre, the common seats, Suet. Claud. 25; id. Dom. 4 fin. —
    II.
    In partic.
    A.
    Of or belonging to the same people or country, native, indigenous (as an adj. rare):

    Sappho puellis de popularibus querentem vidimus,

    Hor. C. 2, 13, 25:

    flumina,

    of the same district, Ov. M. 1, 577:

    oliva,

    native, id. ib. 7, 498.—
    2.
    As subst.: pŏpŭlāris, is, comm. (freq. and class.).
    (α).
    Masc., a countryman, fellow-countryman:

    redire ad suos populares, Naev. ap. Fest. s. v. stuprum, p. 317 Müll.: o mi popularis, salve,

    Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 79:

    o populares,

    Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 1; id. Ad. 2, 1, 1:

    popularis ac sodalis suus,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 37, 118:

    ego vero Solonis, popularis tui, ut puto, etiam mei, legem neglegam (for Cicero had also lived in Athens),

    id. Att. 10, 1, 2:

    popularis alicujus definiti loci (opp. civis totius mundi),

    id. Leg. 1, 23, 61:

    non populares modo,

    Liv. 29, 1:

    cum turbā popularium,

    Just. 43, 1, 6: quae res indicabat populares esse.—
    (β).
    Fem.:

    mea popularis opsecro haec est?

    Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 35; 4, 4, 36; 4, 8, 4 al.; Sall. J. 58, 4:

    tibi popularis,

    Ov. M. 12, 191.—
    b.
    Transf.
    (α).
    Of animals and plants of the same region:

    leaena, Ov. lb. 503: (glires) populares ejusdem silvae (opp. alienigenae, amne vel monte discreti),

    Plin. 8, 57, 82, § 224:

    populares eorum (prunorum) myxae,

    id. 15, 13, 12, § 43.—
    (β).
    Of persons of the same condition, occupation, tastes, etc., a companion, partner, associate, accomplice, comrade: meus popularis Geta, fellow (i. e. a slave), Ter. Phorm. 1, 1, 1:

    populares conjurationis,

    Sall. C. 24, 1; 52, 14:

    sceleris,

    id. ib. 22, 1: invitis hoc nostris popularibus dicam, the men of our school, i. e. the Stoics, Sen. Vit. Beat. 13.—
    B.
    In a political signification, of or belonging to the people, attached or devoted to the people (as opposed to the nobility), popular, democratic:

    res publica ex tribus generibus illis, regali et optumati et populari confusa modice,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 23, 41 (ap. Non. 342, 31):

    homo maxime popularis,

    Cic. Clu. 28, 77:

    consul veritate non ostentatione popularis,

    id. Agr. 1, 7, 23: animus vere popularis, saluti populi consulens, id. Cat. 4, 5, 9:

    ingenium,

    Liv. 2, 24:

    sacerdos, i. e. Clodius, as attached to the popular party,

    Cic. Sest. 30, 66:

    vir,

    Liv. 6, 20: homo, of the common people (opp. rex), Vulg. Sap. 18, 11. —Hence, subst.: pŏpŭlāres, ĭum, m., the people's party, the democrats (opp. optimates, the aristocrats):

    duo genera semper in hac civitate fuerunt... quibus ex generibus alteri se populares, alteri optimates et haberi et esse voluerunt. Quia ea quae faciebant, multitudini jucunda esse volebant, populares habebantur,

    Cic. Sest. 45, 96:

    qui populares habebantur,

    id. ib. 49, 105:

    ex quo evenit, ut alii populares, alii studiosi optimi cujusque videantur,

    id. Off. 1, 25, 85.—
    C.
    Acceptable to the people, agreeable to the multitude, popular:

    dixi in senatu me popularem consulem futurum. Quid enim est tam populare quam pax?

    Cic. Agr. 2, 4, 9:

    potest nihil esse tam populare quam id quod ego consul popularis adfero, pacem, etc.,

    id. ib. 2, 37, 102:

    quo nihil popularius est,

    Liv. 7, 33, 3:

    populare gratumque audientibus,

    Plin. Paneg. 77, 4.—
    D.
    Of or belonging to the citizens (as opposed to the soldiery):

    quique rem agunt duelli, quique populare auspicium,

    Cic. Leg.2, 8; cf.Amm. 14, 10; usually as subst.: popŭlāris, is, m., a citizen (post-class.):

    multa milia et popularium et militum,

    Capitol. Ant. Phil. 17; Dig. 1, 12, 1 fin.:

    popularibus militibusque,

    Juv. 26, 3, 5; Amm. 22, 2.—
    E.
    Belonging to or fit for the common people; hence, common, coarse, mean, bad: sal. Cato, R. R. 88:

    pulli (apium),

    Col. 9, 11, 4: popularia agere, to play coarse tricks, Laber. ap. Non. 150, 25.—Hence, adv.: pŏpŭlārĭter.
    A.
    After the manner of the common people, i. e. commonly, coarsely, vulgarly, Cic. Rep. 6, 22, 24:

    loqui,

    id. Fin. 2, 6, 17:

    scriptus liber (opp. limatius),

    id. ib. 5, 5, 12.—
    B.
    In a popular manner, popularly, democratically:

    agere,

    Cic. Off. 2, 21, 73:

    conciones seditiose ac populariter excitatae,

    id. Clu. 34, 93:

    occidere quemlibet populariter,

    to win popularity, Juv. 3, 37.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > popularis

  • 10 ψυχή

    ψῡχ-ή, ἡ,
    A life,

    λύθη ψ. τε μένος τε Il.5.296

    , etc.;

    ψ. τεκαὶ αἰών 16.453

    , cf. Od.9.523;

    θυμοῦ καὶ ψ. Il.11.334

    , Od.21.154;

    λαυκανίην, ἵνα τε ψυχῆς ὤκιστος ὄλεθρος Il.22.325

    ; ψυχὰς παρθέμενοι at hazard of their lives, Od.3.74,9.255;

    αἰεὶ ἐμὴν ψ. παραβαλλόμενος Il.9.322

    ; λίσσου' ὑπὲρ ψ. καὶ γούνων by your life, 22.338; so

    ἀντὶ ψ. S.OC 1326

    : but περὶ ψ. to save their life, Od.9.423;

    περί τε ψυχέων ἐμάχοντο 22.245

    ;

    περὶ ψ. θέον Ἕκτορος Il.22.161

    ;

    τρέχων περὶ τῆς ψ. Hdt.9.37

    ;

    τῆς ἐμῆς περὶ ψ. A.Eu. 115

    , cf. E.Hel. 946, Heracl. 984;

    περὶ ψ. κινδυνεύων Antipho 2.1.4

    , cf. Th. 8.50;

    ἁγὼν.. σῆς ψ. πέρι S.El. 1492

    , cf. E.Ph. 1330, Or. 847, X.Cyr.3.3.44;

    τὸν περὶ ψ. δρόμον δραμεῖν Ar.V. 375

     (lyr.);

    ἀγωνίζεσθαι περὶ τῆς ψ. X.Eq.Mag.1.19

    ; ὃ ἂν θέλῃ, ψυχῆς ὠνεῖται [θυμός] in exchange for life, Heraclit.85;

    τῆς ψ. πρίασθαί τι X.Cyr.3.1.36

    ;

    τί γὰρ δοῖ ἄνθρωπος ἀντάλλαγμα τῆς ψ. αὐτοῦ; Ev.Marc.8.37

    . In early poets:

    ψυχὰν ἀποπνεῖν Simon.52

    ;

    ψυχὰς ἔχοντες κυμάτων ἐν ἀγκάλαις Archil.23

    ;

    ψυχέων φειδόμενοι Tyrt.10.14

    ;

    θειδωλὴν ψ. θέμενος Sol.13.46

    ;

    ψυχῆς εἵνεκα καὶ βιότου Thgn.730

    ;

    ψυχὰν Ἀΐδᾳ τελέων Pi.I.1.68

    ;

    ψυχὰς βαλον Id.O.8.39

    ;

    χαλκῷ ἀπὸ ψυχὴν ἀρύσας Emp.138

    ;

    τοὐμὸν ἐκπίνουσ' ἀεὶ ψυχῆς ἄκρατον αἷμα S.El. 786

    ; τῆς ἐμῆς ψ. γεγώς ib. 775;

    τὴν ψ. ἐκπίνουσιν Ar.Nu. 712

     (anap.);

    ψ. ἀφήσω E.Or. 1171

    ;

    ψ. σέθεν ἔκτεινε Id.Tr. 1214

    ;

    ψ. παραιτέεσθαι Hdt.1.24

    ; ποινὴν τῆς Αἰσώπου ψ. satisfaction for the life of A., Id.2.134;

    ψυχῆς ἀποστερῆσαί τινα Antipho 4.1.6

    , cf. Th.1.136, etc.;

    τὴν ψ. ἢ τὴν οὐσίαν ἢ τὴν ἐπιτιμίαν τινὸς ἀφελόμενος Aeschin.2.88

    ;

    τὸ τῆς ψ. ἀπαιτηθεὶς χρέος LXX Wi.15

    . 8, cf. Ev.Luc.12.20;

    ζητοῦσι τὴν ψ. μου LXX 3 Ki.19.10

    , cf. Ev.Matt. 2.20;

    τὴν ψ. αὐτοῦ τίθησιν ὑπὲρ τῶν προβάτων Ev.Jo.10.11

    , etc.; δεῖρον ἄχρις ἡ ψ... ἐπὶ χειλέων λειφθῇ within an inch of his life, Herod.3.3:—the phrase ἐν τῇ χειρὶ τὴν ψ. ἔχοντα taking his life in his hands, is prob. f.l. in Xenarch.4.20;

    ἡ ψ. μου ἐν ταῖς χερσί [σου] διὰ πάντος LXX Ps.118(119).109

    , cf. 1 Ki.19.5, 28.21, al.; of life in animals, Od.14.426, Hes.Sc. 173, Pi.N.1.47, etc.;

    τὰ ἄλλα ζῷα, ὅσα ψ. ἔχει Anaxag.4

    , cf. 12;

    πάντων τῶν ζῴων ἡ ψ. τὸ αὐτό, ἀήρ Diog.

     Apoll.5 (cf. infr. IV. 1); ἡ φύσις τοιαύτη πάντων ὅσσα ψ. ἔχει Democrit.278; ἐπῴζει καὶ ποιεῖ ψ. ἔχειν (of incubation) Epich.172; [

    ἑρπετὸν] ὃ ἔχει ἐν ἑαυτῷ ψ. ζωῆς LXX Ge.1.30

    ; ἡ ψ. πάσης σαρκὸς αἷμα αὐτοῦ ἐστιν ib.Le.17.11, cf. De.12.23.
    2 metaph. of things dear as life,

    χρήματα γὰρ ψ... βροτοῖσι Hes.Op. 686

    ;

    πᾶσι δ' ἀνθρώποις ἄρ' ἦν ψ. τέκν' E.Andr. 419

    ;

    τἀργύριόν ἐστιν αἷμα καὶ ψ. βροτοῖς Timocl.35

    ; so as an endearing name, Hld.1.8, al.;

    ζωὴ καὶ ψ. Juv.6.195

    ;

    ψ. μου Mart.10.68

    .
    II in Hom., departed spirit, ghost (

    ὑποτίθεται [Ὅμηρος] τὰς ψ. τοῖς εἰδώλοις τοῖς ἐν τοῖς κατόπτροις φαινομένοις ὁμοίας.. ἃ καθάπαξ ἡμῖν ἐξείκασται καὶ τὰς κινήσεις μιμεῖται, στερεμνιώδη δὲ ὑπόστασιν οὐδεμίαν ἔχει εἰς ἀντίληψιν καὶ ἁφήν Apollod.

     Hist.Fr. 102(a)J.);

    ψ. Πατροκλῆος.. πάντ' αὐτῷ.. ἐϊκυῖα Il.23.65

    : freq. in Od.11, ψ. Ἀγαμέμνονος, Ἀχιλῆος, etc., 387, 467, al.;

    ψ. καὶ εἴδωλον Il.23.104

    , cf. 72, Od.24.14;

    ψ. κατὰ χθονὸς ᾤχετο τετριγυῖα Il.23.100

    ; ψυχὰς ἡρώων, opp. αὐτούς, 1.3, cf. Hes.Sc. 151;

    ψυχαὶ δ' Ἄϊδόσδε κατῆλθον Il.7.330

    ;

    ψ. δὲ κατ' οὐταμένην ὠτειλὴν ἔσσυτ' ἐπειγομένη 14.518

    ; sts. hardly dist. from signf. 1,

    ἅμα ψ. τε καὶ ἔγχεος ἐξέρυσ' αἰχμήν 16.505

    ; in swoons it leaves the body,

    τὸν δὲ λίπε ψ. 5.696

    ; so in later writers (seldom in Trag.),

    σὺν Ἀγαμεμνονίᾳ ψυχᾷ Pi.P.11.21

    ; ἑὰν ψυχὰν κομίξαι ib.4.159, cf. N.8.44;

    αἱ ψ. ὀσμῶνται καθ' Ἅιδην Heraclit.98

    ;

    πέμψατ' ἔνερθεν ψυχὴν ἐς φῶς A.Pers. 630

     (anap.);

    ποτωμένην ψ. ὑπὲρ σοῦ E.Or. 676

    , cf. Fr. 912.9 (anap.);

    τὰς τῶν κεκμηκότων ψ., αἷς ἐστιν ἐν τῇ φύσει τῶν αὑτῶν ἐκγόνων κήδεσθαι Pl.Lg. 927b

    ; ψ. σοφαί, perh. 'wise ghosts', Ar.Nu. 94;

    δὶς ἀποθανουμένη ψ. Anon.

     ap. Plu.2.236d.
    III the immaterial and immortal soul, first in Pindar,

    ἐς τὸν ὕπερθεν ἅλιον κείνων.. ἀνδιδοῖ [Φερσεφόνα] ψυχὰς πάλιν Fr. 133

    , cf. Pl.Men. 81b;

    εἰπόντες ὡς ἀνθρώπου ψ. ἀθάνατός ἐστι Hdt.2.123

    ;

    ἀγένητόν τε καὶ ἀθάνατον ψ. Pl.Phdr. 246a

    , cf. Phd. 70c, al.;

    ἀθάνατος ἡμῶν ἡ ψ. καὶ οὐδέποτε ἀπόλλυται Id.R. 608d

    ;

    ἁψ. τῷ σώματι συνέζευκται καὶ καθάπερ ἐν σάματι τέθαπται Philol.14

    , cf. Pl.Cra. 400c: hence freq. opp.

    σῶμα, ψ. καὶ σῶμα X.Mem.1.3.5

    , cf. An.3.2.20;

    ψ. ἢ σῶμα ἢ συναμφότερον, τὸ ὅλον τοῦτο Pl.Alc.1.130a

    ;

    εἰς θηρίου βίον ἀνθρωπίνη ψ. ἀφικνεῖται καὶ ἐκ θηρίου.. πάλιν εἰς ἄνθρωπον Id.Phdr. 249b

    ;

    κατὰ τοὺς Πυθαγορικοὺς μύθους τὴν τυχοῦσαν ψ. εἰς τὸ τυχὸν ἐνδύεσθαι σῶμα Arist.de An. 407b22

    ;

    οὐδὲ τοῦτο ἐπείσθην, ὡς ἡ ψ., ἕως μὲν ἂν ἐν θνητῷ σώματι ᾖ, ζῇ, ὅταν δὲ τούτου ἀπαλλαγῇ, τέθνηκεν X.Cyr.8.7.19

    ;

    ἀνθρώπου γε ψ., ἣ τοῦ θείου μετέχει,.. ὁρᾶται δ' οὐδ' αὐτή Id.Mem.4.3.14

    , cf. Cyr. 8.7.17; αἰθὴρ μὲμ ψυχὰς ὑπεδέξατο, σώ[ματα δὲ χθών] IG12.945 (v B. C.);

    ὁπόταμ ψ. προλίπῃ φάος ἀελίοιο Orph.Fr.32

    f.1;

    ἡμεῖς ἐσμεν ψ., ζῷον ἀθάνατον ἐν θνητῷ καθειργμένον φρουρίῳ Pl.Ax. 365e

    .
    IV the conscious self or personality as centre of emotions, desires, and affections,

    χερσὶ καὶ ψυχᾷ δυνατοί Pi.N.9.39

    ;

    μορφὰν βραχύς, ψυχὰν δ' ἄκαμπτος Id.I.4(3).53(71)

    ;

    ἐνίους τῶν καλῶν τὰς μορφὰς μοχθηροὺς ὄντας τὰς ψ. X.Oec.6.16

    ;

    θνητοῦ σώματος ἔτυχες, πειρῶ τῆς ψ. ἀθάνατον μνήμην καταλιπεῖν Isoc.2.37

    ; opp. material blessings,

    κτεάνων ψ. ἔχοντες κρέσσονας Pi.N.9.32

    ;

    μήτε σωμάτων ἐπιμελεῖσθαι μήτε χρημάτων.. οὕτω σφόδρα ὡς τῆς ψ. ὅπως ὡς ἀρίστη ἔσται Pl.Ap. 30b

    , cf. 29e: hence regarded in abstraction,

    τὸ παρεχόμενον ἡμῶν ἕκαστον τοῦτ' εἶναι μηδὲν ἀλλ' ἢ τὴν ψ., τὸ δὲ σῶμα ἰνδαλλόμενον ἡμῶν ἑκάστοις ἕπεσθαι Pl.Lg. 959a

    ;

    ἡ ψ. ἐστιν ἄνθρωπος Id.Alc.1.130c

    ;

    οὐδὲ νῦν τήν γ ἐμὴν ψ. ἑωρᾶτε X.Cyr.8.7.17

    , cf. supr. 111: sts., therefore, distd. from oneself,

    ψ. γὰρ ηὔδα πολλά μοι μυθουμένη S.Ant. 227

    ;

    ἡ ψ. μου πεπότηται Ar.Nu. 319

     (anap.);

    τί ποτ' ἔστι μαθεῖν ἔραται ψ. E.Hipp. 173

     (anap.);

    ἄλλο τι βουλομένη ἑκατέρου ἡ ψ. δήλη ἐστίν Pl.Smp. 192c

    ; οἴμοι ψυχή woe is me! LXX Mi.7.1; καὶ ἐρῶ τῇ ψ. μου, "yuxh/, e)/xeis polla\ a)gaqa/" Ev.Luc.12.19; in periphrases, ψ. Ὀρέστου, = Ὀρέστης, S.El. 1127, al.: but τὴν Φιλοκτήτου ψ. ἐκκλέψεις his wits, Id.Ph.55;

    ἡ δ' ἐμὴ ψ. τέθνηκεν Id.Ant. 559

    , cf. OC 999; so ψυχαί abs., = ἄνθρωποι, ψ. ὀλέσασα A.Ag. 1457 (lyr.); ψ. πολλαὶ ἔθανον many souls perished, Ar.Th. 864;

    πᾶσαι αἱ ψ., υἱοὶ καὶ αἱ θυγατέρες λ γ LXX Ge.46.15

    , cf. Ex.12.4, al.; [

    κιβωτὸς] εἰς ἣν ὀλίγοι, τοῦτ' ἔστιν ὀκτὼ ψ., διεσώθησαν 1 Ep.Pet.3.20

    . In apostrophe,

    μή, φίλα ψ. Pi.P.3.61

    ;

    ὦ μελέα ψ. S.Ph. 712

     (lyr.);

    ὦ ἀγαθὴ καὶ πιστὴ ψ. X.Cyr.7.3.8

    ; in referring to persons,

    ὅταν μεγάλη ψ. φυῇ Pl.R. 496b

     (cf. μεγαλόψυχος) ; καλεῖται γοῦν ἡ ψ. Κρινοκοράκα the creature, Thphr.Char.28.2;

    πάσῃ ψ. τετελευτηκυίᾳ LXX Nu.6.6

    ,11;

    πᾶσα ψ. ὑποτασσέσθω Ep.Rom.13.1

    , etc.: generally, being, ψυχὴ ζῶσα living creature, LXX Ge.1.24, cf. 20(pl.).
    2 of various aspects of the self, ἐν πολέμοιο μάχαις τλάμονι ψ. παρέμειν ) enduring heart, Pi.P.1.48;

    διεπειρᾶτο αὐτοῦ τῆς ψ. Hdt.3.14

    , ἦν ηὰρ.. ψυχὴν οὐκ ἄκρος poor-spirited, Id.5.124;

    ψυχὴν ἄριστε πάντων Ar.Eq. 457

    ;

    καρτερὰν ψ. λαβεῖν Id.Ach. 393

    ;

    κράτιστοι ἂν τὴν ψ. κριθεῖεν Th.2.40

    ;

    τοῖς σώμασι δύνανται τὰς δὲ ψ. οὐκ ἔχουσιν Lys.10.29

    ;

    ὁ γὰρ' λόγχην ἀκονῶν καὶ τὴν ψ. τι παρακονᾷ X.Cyr.6.2.33

    , cf. Oec.21.3.
    3 of the emotional self,

    ὑπείργασμαι μὲν εὖ ψυχὴν ἔρωτι E.Hipp. 505

    , cf. 527 (lyr.);

    πάνυ μου ἡ ψ. ἐπεθύμει X.Oec.6.14

    ;

    τίνα ποτὲ ψ. ἔχων; Lys.32.12

    ; τίν' οἴεσθ' αὐτὴν ψ. ἕξειν, ὅταν ἐμὲ ῒδῃ; how will she feel? D.28.21; μία ψ., prov. of friends, Arist.EN 1168b7; ψ. μία ἤστην prob. in Phryn. PSp.128B.; of appetite,

    ψυχῇ διδόντες ἡδονήν A.Pers. 841

     (s. v.l.), cf. Epich.297, Theocr.16.24;

    λίχνῳ δὲ ὄντι τὴν ψ. Pl.R. 579b

    ;

    τῷ δὲ ἡ ψ. σῖτον μὲν οὐ προσίετο, διψῆν δ' ἐδόκει X.Cyr.8.7.4

    .
    4 of the moral and intellectual self,

    ἀπὸ πάμπαν ἀδίκων ἔχειν ψ. Pi.O. 2.70

    ;

    ψ. τε καὶ φρόνημα καὶ γνώμην S.Ant. 176

    ;

    ἀρκεῖν.. κἀντὶ μυρίων μίαν ψ. τάδ' ἐκτίνουσαν, ἢν εὔνους παρῇ Id.OC 499

    ;

    ψ. γὰρ εὔνους καὶ φρονοῦσα τοὔνδικον Id.Fr. 101

    ;

    ἡ κακὴ σὴ ψ. Id.Ph. 1014

    ;

    ψυχῆς κατήγορος κακῆς X.Oec.20.15

    , cf. Pl.R. 353e;

    ἡ βουλεύσασα ψ. Antipho 4.1.7

    , cf. Pl.Lg. 873a; τὸ σῶμα ἀπειρηκὸς ἡ ψ. συνεξέσωσεν.. διὰ τὸ μὴ ξυνειδέναι ἑαυτῇ the mind conscious of innocence, Antipho 5.93;

    τὸ ἐπιμελεῖσθαι καὶ ἄρχειν καὶ βουλεύεσθαι.. ἐσθ' ὅτῳ ἄλλῳ ἢ ψυχῇ δικαίως ἂν ἀποδοῖμεν; Pl.R. 353d

    ;

    τὴν τῆς ψ. ἐπιμέλειαν X.Mem. 1.2.4

    , Isoc.15.304; τὰ ἐν τῇ ψ. διὰ τὴν παιδείαν ἐγγιγνόμενα ib.290;

    τῆς ψ. ἐξελθούσης, ἐν ᾗ μόνῃ γίγνεται φρόνησις X.Mem.1.2.53

    ;

    νοῦς τε καὶ ψ. Pl.Cra. 400a

    , cf. Phdr. 247c, al.;

    ἐμπαίει τί μοι ψυχῇ σύνηθες ὄμμα S.El. 903

    ;

    ἰδὼν μὲν γνούς τε σῇ ψ., τέκνον E.Tr. 1171

    . Phrases:—

    ἐκ τῆς ψ. φίλος X.An.7.7.43

    ; ἀπὸ τῆς ψ. φιλεῖν with all the heart, Thphr. Char.17.3;

    βόσκοιτ' ἐκ ψυχᾶς τὰς ἀμνάδας Theoc.8.35

    ;

    ὅλῃ τῇ ψ. κεχαρίσθαι τινί X.Mem.3.11.10

    ; οὐκ ἐᾷ ἡμᾶς οὐδὲ ψυχῆς λαχεῖν he won't let us call our soul our own, Phryn.PSp.128B.
    5 of animals, ψ. μεγαλόφρων, of a horse, X.Eq.11.1;

    θηρίων ψ. ἡμεροῦμεν Isoc.2.12

    ; ψ. χηνός, ὀρτυγίου, Eub.101, Antiph.5.
    6 of inanimate things,

    πᾶσα πολιτεία ψ. πόλεώς ἐστιν Isoc.12.138

    , cf. 7.14;

    ἡ τῶνδε τῶν ἀνδρῶν ἀρετὴ τῆς Ἑλλάδος ἦν ψ. D.60.23

    ;

    οἷον ψ. ὁ μῦθος τῆς τραγῳδίας Arist.Po. 1450a38

    ; also of the spirit of an author, D.H.Lys.11.
    V Philosophical uses:
    1 In the early physicists, of the primary substance, the source of life and consciousness, ὁρίζονται πάντες (sc. οἱ πρότεροι)

    τὴν ψ. τρισίν, κινήσει, αἰσθήσει, τῷ ἀσωμάτῳ Arist.de An. 405b11

    ; τὸν λίθον ἔφη [Θαλῆς] ψ. ἔχειν ὅτι τὸν σίδηρον κινεῖ, of the magnet, ib. 405a20; ψυχῇσιν θάνατος ὕδωρ γενέσθαι, ὕδατι δὲ θάνατος γῆν γενέσθαι, ἐκ γῆς δὲ ὕδωρ γίνεται, ἐξ ὕδατος δὲ ψ. (sc. πῦρ) Heraclit. 36;

    ἡ ψ. πνεῦμα Xenoph.

     ap. D.L.9.19; καρδία ψυχῆς καὶ αἰσθήσιος [ἀρχά] Philol.13;

    τοῦτο [ἀὴρ] αὐτοῖς καὶ ψ. ἐστι καὶ νόησις Diog.

     Apoll.4;

    τὴν τῶν ἄλλων ἁπάντων φύσιν οὐ πιστεύεις Ἀναξαγόρᾳ νοῦν καὶ ψ. εἶναι τὴν διακοσμοῦσαν; Pl.Cra. 400a

    , cf. Arist.de An. 404a25; Δημόκριτος πῦρ τι καὶ θερμόν θησιν αὐτὴν (sc. ψυχὴν) εἶναι ib. 404a1, cf. Resp. 472a4.
    2 the spirit of the universe,

    ψ. εἰς τὸ μέσον [τοῦ κόσμου] θείς Pl.Ti. 34b

    , cf. 30b;

    τὴν τοῦ παντὸς δῆλον ὅτι τοιαύτην εἶναι βούλεται [ὁ Τίμαιος] οἷόν ποτ' ἐστὶν ὁ καλούμενος νοῦς Arist.de An. 407a3

    ; ἐν τῷ ὅλῳ τινὲς [τὴν ψ.] μεμεῖχθαί φασιν, ὅθεν ἴσως καὶ Θαλῆς ᾠήθη πάντα πλήρη θεῶν εἶναι ib. 411a8;

    ὁ κόσμος ψ. ἐστὶν ἑαυτοῦ καὶ ἡγεμονικόν Chrysipp.Stoic.2.186

    ; ψ. [κόσμου] Plu.2.1013e, cf. M.Ant.4.40;

    ψ. ἐλθοῦσα εἰς σῶμα οὐρανοῦ Plot.5.1.2

    ;

    τόδε τὸ πᾶν ψ. μίαν ἔχον εἰς πάντα αὐτοῦ μέρη Id.4.4.32

    ; περὶ ψυχᾶς κόσμου καὶ φύσιος, title of work by Ti.Locr.
    3 In Pl. the immaterial principle of movement and life,

    ὅταν παρῇ [ψυχὴ] τῷ σώματι, αἴτιόν ἐστι τοῦ ζῆν αὐτῷ Pl.Cra. 399d

    , cf. Def. 411c; [

    ψυχῆς λόγον ἔχομεν] τὴν δυναμένην αὐτὴν αὑτὴν κινεῖν κίνησιν Id.Lg. 896a

    ; μεταβολῆς τε καὶ κινήσεως ἁπάσης αἰτία [ἡ ψ.] ἅπασιν ib. b, cf. 892c; its presence is requisite for thought,

    σοφία καὶ νοῦς ἄνευ ψ. οὐκ ἂν γενοίσθην Id.Phlb. 30c

    , cf. Ti. 30b, Sph. 249a; defined by Arist. as

    οὐσία ὡς εἶδος σώματος φυσικοῦ δυνάμει ζωὴν ἔχοντος de An. 412a20

    ; ἐντελέχεια ἡ πρώτη σώματος φυσικοῦ ὀργανικοῦ ib. 412b5; the tripartite division of

    ψ., οἱ δὲ περὶ Πλάτωνα καὶ Ἀρχύτας καὶ οἱ λοιποὶ Πυθαγόρειοι τὴν ψ. τριμερῆ ἀποφαίνονται, διαιροῦντες εἰς λογισμὸν καὶ θυμὸν καὶ ἐπιθυμίαν Iamb.

     ap. Stob.1.49.34, cf. Pl.R. 439e sqq.; in Arist.

    ἡ ψ. τούτοις ὥρισται, θρεπτικῷ, αἰσθητικῷ, διανοητικῷ, κινήσει· πότερον δὲ τοὔτων ἕκαστόν ἐστι ψ. ἢ ψυχῆς μόριον; de An. 413b11

    , cf. PA 641b4;

    ἡ θρεπτικὴ ψ. Id.de An. 434a22

    , al.; in the Stoics and Epicureans, σῶμα ἡ ψ. Zeno and Chrysipp.Stoic.1.38; of the scala naturae,

    τὰ μὲν ἕξει διοικεῖται, τὰ δὲ φύσει, τὰ δ' ἀλόγῳ ψ., τὰ δὲ καὶ λόγον ἐχούσῃ καὶ διάνοιαν Stoic.2.150

    , cf. M.Ant.6.14;

    ἡ ψ. σῶμά ἐστι λεπτομερές.. προσεμφερέστατον πνεύματι θερμοῦ τινα κρᾶσιν ἔχοντι Epicur.Ep.1p.19U.

    ;

    τέλος.. τὸ μήτε ἀλγεῖν κατὰ σῶμα μήτε ταράττεσθαι κατὰ ψ. Id.Ep.3p.64U.

    ; in the Neo-Platonists characterized by discursive thinking,

    τοὺς λογισμοὺς ψυχῆς εἶναι ἐνεργήματα Plot.1.1.7

    ; related to νοῦς as image to archetype, εἰκών τίς ἐστι νοῦ [ψ.] Id.5.1.3; present in entirety in every part,

    πάρεστι πᾶσα πανταχοῦ ψ. Id.5.1.2

    , cf. 4.7.5;

    φύσις ψ. οὖσα, γέννημα ψυχῆς προτέρας Id.3.8.4

    ; animal and vegetable bodies possess

    οἷον σκιὰν ψυχῆς Id.4.4.18

    ;

    πᾶν σῶμα.. ψυχῆς μετουσίᾳ κινεῖται ἐξ ἑαυτοῦ καὶ ζῇ διὰ ψ. Procl.Inst.20

    .
    VI butterfly or moth, Arist.HA 551a14, Thphr.HP2.4.4, Plu.2.636c.
    2 τριπόλιον, Ps.-Dsc.4.132.
    VII Psyche, in the allegory of Psyche and Eros, Apul.Metam. bks. 4-6, Aristophontes ap. Fulg.Myth.3.6. (See ancient speculations on the derivation, Pl.Cra. 399d- 400a, Arist.de An. 405b29, Chrysipp.Stoic.2.222; Hom. usage gives little support to the derivation from ψύχω 'blow, breathe';

    τὸν δὲ λίπε ψ. Il.5.696

     means 'his spirit left his body', and so λειποψυχέω means 'swoon', not 'become breathless';

    ἀπὸ δὲ ψ. ἐκάπυσσε Il.22.467

     means 'she gasped out her spirit', viz. 'swooned'; the resemblance of ἄμπνυτο 'recovered consciousness' to ἀμπνέω 'recover breath' is deceptive, v. ἄμπνυτο, ἔμπνυτο: when concrete the Homeric ψ. is rather warm blood than breath, cf. Il.14.518, 16.505, where the ψ. escapes through a wound; cf. ψυχοπότης, ψυχορροφέω, and S.El. 786, Ar.Nu. 712 (v. supr.1).)

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ψυχή

  • 11 reicio

    rē-ĭcĭo (better than rē-jĭcĭo), rejēci, jectum, 3 (reicis, dissyl., Stat. Th. 4, 574;

    and likewise reice,

    Verg. E. 3, 96;

    and perh. also,

    Plaut. As. 2, 1, 6; scanned elsewhere throughout rēĭcio, etc.), v. a. [jacio], to throw, cast, or fling back (freq. and class.; cf.: remitto, retorqueo).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.
    a.
    Of inanim. objects:

    imago nostros oculos rejecta revisit,

    Lucr. 4, 285; 4, 107; cf. id. 4, 570:

    telum in hostes,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 46: tunicam reicere, i. e. to fling back, fling over the shoulder (whereas abicere is to throw off, Cic. Att. 4, 2, 4), Lucil. ap. Varr. L. L. 6, § 69 Müll.; cf.:

    togam in umerum,

    Quint. 11, 3, 131; 140:

    togam a sinistro,

    id. 11, 3, 144:

    togam ab umero,

    Liv. 23, 8 fin.:

    amictum ex umeris,

    Verg. A. 5, 421:

    ex umeris' vestem,

    Ov. M. 2, 582:

    de corpore vestem,

    id. ib. 9, 32:

    penulam,

    Cic. Mil. 10, 29; Phaedr. 5, 2, 5 Burm.:

    sagulum,

    Cic. Pis. 23, 55; Suet. Aug. 26:

    amictum,

    Prop. 2, 23 (3, 17), 13:

    vestem,

    Cat. 66, 81 al.:

    ab ore colubras,

    Ov. M. 4, 474:

    capillum circum caput neglegenter,

    Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 50: manibus ad tergum rejectis, thrown back or behind, Asin. Pol. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 32, 3:

    manus post terga,

    Plin. 28, 4, 11, § 45: scutum, to throw over one ' s back (in flight), Cic. de Or. 2, 72, 294; Galb. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 30, 3:

    parmas,

    Verg. A. 11, 619:

    ut janua in publicum reiceretur,

    might be thrown back, Plin. 36, 15, 24, § 112:

    fatigata membra rejecit,

    i. e. stretched on the ground, Curt. 10, 5, 3:

    voluit... Reicere Alcides a se mea pectora,

    to push back, Ov. M. 9, 51:

    librum e gremio suo,

    to fling away, id. Tr. 1, 1, 66:

    sanguinem ore,

    to cast up, vomit, Plin. 26, 12, 82, § 131; so,

    sanguinem,

    Plin. Ep. 5, 19, 6; 8, 1, 2:

    bilem,

    Plin. 23, 6, 57, § 106:

    vinum,

    Suet. Aug. 77:

    aliquid ab stomacho,

    Scrib. Comp. 191.— Poet.:

    oculos Rutulorum reicit arvis,

    turns away, averts, Verg. A. 10, 473:

    pars (vocum) solidis adlisa locis rejecta sonorem Reddit,

    echoed, Lucr. 4, 570.—
    b.
    Of living objects, to drive back, chase back, force back, repel (so in gen. not found in class. prose authors):

    hominem,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 3, 19:

    aliquem,

    id. Merc. 5, 2, 69:

    in bubilem reicere (boves),

    id. Pers. 2, 5, 18:

    pascentes a flumine capellas,

    Verg. E. 3, 96:

    in postremam aciem,

    to place in the rear, Liv. 8, 8.—
    (β).
    Reicere se, to throw or cast one ' s self back or again; or, in gen., to throw or fling one ' s self anywhere:

    tum illa Rejecit se in eum,

    flung herself into his arms, Ter. And. 1, 1, 109:

    se in gremium tuom,

    Lucr. 1, 34:

    se in grabatum,

    Petr. 92, 3; cf.:

    in cubile rejectus est,

    id. 103, 5; cf.:

    fatigata membra rejecit,

    leaned back, Curt. 10, 5, 3.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    Milit. t. t., to force back, beat back, repel, repulse the enemy (cf.:

    repello, reprimo, refuto): eos, qui eruptionem fecerant, in urbem reiciebant,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 2 fin.:

    reliqui in oppidum rejecti sunt,

    id. B. G. 2, 33; 1, 24 fin.:

    Tusci rejecti armis,

    Verg. A. 11, 630:

    ab Antiocheā hostem,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 10, 2; cf.:

    praesidia adversariorum Calydone,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 35 (where, however, as id. ib. 3, 46, the MSS. vacillate between rejecti and dejecti; v. Oud. N. cr.).—
    2.
    Nautical t. t.: reici, to be driven back by a storm (while deferri or deici signifies to be cast away, and eici to be thrown on the shore, stranded; v. Liv. 44, 19, 2 Drak.): naves tempestate rejectas eodem, unde erant profectae, revertisse, Caes. B. G. 5, 5; so,

    naves,

    id. ib. 5, 23:

    a Leucopetrā profectus... rejectus sum austro vehementi ad eandem Leucopetram,

    Cic. Att. 16, 7, 1; cf. id. Phil. 1, 3, 7; id. Caecin. 30, 88:

    sin reflantibus ventis reiciemur,

    id. Tusc. 1, 49, 119; id. Att. 3, 8, 2.
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In gen., to cast off, remove, repel, reject:

    abs te socordiam omnem reice,

    Plaut. As. 2, 1, 6: abs te religionem, Att. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 65 Müll. (Trag. Rel. v. 430 Rib.):

    quam ut a nobis ratio verissima longe reiciat,

    Lucr. 6, 81:

    (hanc proscriptionem) nisi hoc judicio a vobis reicitis et aspernamini,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 53, 153:

    ab his reicientur plagae balistarum,

    Vitr. 10, 20:

    foedum contactum a casto corpore,

    Plin. Ep. 4, 11, 9; Ter. Phorm. prol. 18:

    ferrum et audaciam,

    Cic. Mur. 37, 79; cf.

    ictus,

    Stat. Th. 6, 770; and:

    minas Hannibalis retrorsum,

    Hor. C. 4, 8, 16:

    (in Verrinis) facilius quod reici quam quod adici possit invenient,

    Quint. 6, 3, 5.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    Pregn., to reject contemptuously; to refuse, scorn, disdain, despise; esp. of a lover, etc.:

    forsitan nos reiciat,

    Ter. Phorm. 4, 5, 5:

    petentem,

    Ov. M. 9, 512:

    Lydiam,

    Hor. C. 3, 9, 20:

    Socratem omnem istam disputationem rejecisse et tantum de vitā et moribus solitum esse quaerere,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 10, 16:

    refutetur ac reiciatur ille clamor,

    id. Tusc. 2, 23, 55:

    qui Ennii Medeam spernat aut reiciat,

    id. Fin. 1, 2, 4;

    of an appeal to the Senate: quae cum rejecta relatio esset,

    Liv. 2, 31, 9:

    recens dolor consolationes reicit ac refugit,

    Plin. Ep. 5, 16, 11:

    ad bona deligenda et reicienda contraria,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 23, 60; cf.

    (vulgares reïce taedas, deligere),

    Ov. M. 14, 677:

    rejectā praedā,

    Hor. S. 2, 3, 68:

    condiciones, Auct. B. Alex. 39: rejecit dona nocentium,

    Hor. C. 4, 9, 42.—
    b.
    In jurid. lang.: judices reicere, to set aside, challenge peremptorily, reject the judges appointed by lot:

    cum ex CXXV. judicibus quinque et LXX. reus reiceret,

    Cic. Planc. 17, 41; 15, 36; id. Att. 1, 16, 3; id. Verr. 2, 1, 7, § 18; 2, 3, 11, § 28; 2, 3, 13, § 32; 2, 3, 59, § 146; id. Vatin. 11, 27; Plin. Pan. 36, 4.—
    c.
    In the philosoph. lang. of the Stoics: reicienda and rejecta (as a transl. of the Gr. apoproêgmena), rejectable things, i. e. evils to be rejected, Cic. Fin. 5, 26, 78; 3, 16, 52; id. Ac. 1, 10, 37; cf. rejectaneus.—
    2.
    With a designation of the term. ad quem, to refer to, make over to, remand to:

    ad ipsam te epistulam reicio,

    Cic. Att. 9, 13, 8:

    in hunc gregem vos Sullam reicietis?

    id. Sull. 28, 77 (with transferre).—
    b.
    Publicists' t. t.: reicere aliquid or aliquem ad senatum (consules, populum, pontifices, etc.), to refer a matter, or the one whom it concerns, from one ' s self to some other officer or authorized body (esp. freq. in Liv.; v. the passages in Liv. 2, 22, 5 Drak.):

    totam rem ad Pompeium,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 17:

    senatus a se rem ad populum rejecit,

    Liv. 2, 27, 5; cf.:

    ab tribunis ad senatum res est rejecta,

    id. 40, 29; and:

    rem ad senatum,

    id. 5, 22, 1:

    aliquid ad pontificum collegium,

    id. 41, 16; so, rem ad pontifices, Ver. Flac. ap. Gell. 5, 17, 2:

    rem ad Hannibalem,

    Liv. 21, 31; id. 2, 28:

    tu hoc animo esse debes, ut nihil huc reicias,

    Cic. Fam. 10, 16, 2.—Of personal objects:

    legati ab senatu rejecti ad populum, deos rogaverunt, etc.,

    Liv. 7, 20; so id. 8, 1; 9, 43; 24, 2; 39, 3.— Absol.:

    tribuni appellati ad senatum rejecerunt,

    Liv. 27, 8; 42, 32 fin. —
    c.
    With respect to time, to put off to a later period, to defer, postpone (Ciceronian):

    a Kal. Febr. legationes in Idus Febr. reiciebantur,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 3, 1:

    reliqua in mensem Januarium,

    id. ib. 2, 1, 3:

    repente abs te in mensem Quintilem rejecti sumus,

    id. Att. 1, 4, 1.—
    * d.
    Reicere se aliquo, to fling one ' s self on a thing, i. e. apply one ' s self to it (very rare): crede mihi, Caesarem... maximum beneficium te sibi dedisse judicaturum, si huc te reicis, Balb. ap. Cic. Att. 8, 15, A, § 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > reicio

  • 12 περίοδος

    A one who goes the rounds, patrol, Aen.Tact.22.3, al., Rev.Arch.1911(2).424 (Mesembria, i B. C.).
    ------------------------------------
    περίοδος ([dialect] Dor. [full] πέροδος, q.v.), ἡ,
    A going round, marching round, flank march, τῶν Περσέων ἡ π. Hdt.7.219, 229 ;

    π. καὶ κύκλωσις Th.4.35

    .
    2 slow walk, Gal.17(2).99.
    3 passage of fluids, Aret. SD1.10, cf. Arist.Pr. 870a10.
    II way round, Hdt.7.223 ;

    λίμνης Id.1.185

    ; circumference, circuit, compass, σήματος, τείχεος, ib.93, 163 : abs., τὴν π. in circumference, Id.7.109.
    III γῆς π. chart or map of the earth, Id.4.36, 5.49, Ar.Nu. 206, Arist.Mete. 362b12, Agathem.1.1 ; αἱ τῆς γῆς π. books of descriptive geography, Arist. Pol. 1262a19, Rh. 1360a34, Mete. 350a16.
    IV going round in a circle, coming round to the starting-point, circuit, ἡ τοῦ τρίποδος π. Plu. Sol.4.
    2 esp. of Time, cycle or period of time, πάσαις ἐτέων π. Pi. N.11.40; freq. in Pl., ἐν πολλαῖς χρόνου καὶ μακραῖς π. Phd. 107e ;

    π. χιλιετής Phdr. 249a

    : abs., R. 546b, Epicur.Ep.1p.27U. (pl.), etc.; κατὰ φύσιν π. Arist.GA 777b18; of the Great Year of the Stoics, Chrysipp.Stoic.2.189(pl.); ἐκ περιόδου periodically, in rotation, Heraclid.Pol.58, Plb.2.43.1, etc.;

    ἐν περιόδῳ Plu.Eum.8

     ; esp. the period embracing the four great public games,

    κατὰ τὰν π. ἑκάσταν IG9(1).694.31

     (Corc.); ἐνίκησε τὴν π. Ath.10.415a; νικώμενος τὴν π. Arr. Epict.3.25.5, cf. Poll.4.89; v. περιοδονίκης.
    3 of events, periodic recurrence, cycle, Isoc.15.174, Thphr.CP1.13.1.
    b cycle, roster of public officials,

    τῇ πρὸ ταύτης π. τῶν μελλόντων λειτουργεῖν POxy. 1119.6

     (iii A. D.), cf. 1552.3 (iii A. D.).
    4 Medic., a regular prescribed course of life, ἐν τῇ καθεστηκυίᾳ π. ζῆν to live in the regular course, Pl.R. 4073; αἱ ἰατρικαὶ π. the periodical visits of a regular physician, the doctor's rounds, Luc.Gall.23, cf. Nigr.22 : hence, medical practice, Heraclasap.Orib.48.18.2.
    c fit of intermittent fever, or the like , Hp. Aph.4.59 (pl.), D.9.19; ὁ ἐκ περιόδου πυρετός an intermittent fever, Luc.Philops.9.
    5 course at dinner, X.Cyr.2.2.2 ; π. λόγων table-talk, Id.Smp.4.64.
    6 orbit of a heavenly body, Id.Mem. 4.7.5 ; ἀστέρος κυκλικὴ π. Vett.Val.94.20; also θεριναὶ π., = τροπαί, Hp.Aër.19; revolution of a heavenly body, Epicur.Ep.1p.28U.
    V survey in thought, ἡ ἅμα νοήματι π. τῶν κυριωτάτων ib.p.32U.
    VI Rhet., period, Thrasymach. ap. Suid.s.v. Θρασύμαχος, etc.; defined as λέξις ἔχουσα ἀρχὴν καὶ τελευτὴν αὐτὴ καθ' αὑτὴν καὶ μέγεθος εὐσύνοπτον, Arist.Rh. 1409a35, etc.; also in Music and Metric, Heph.Poëm.3.5, Aristid.Quint.1.14.
    VIII entrance to a temple enclosure, IG11(2).158 A65 (Delos, iii B. C.).
    IX = Lat. regio, π. Καρίας Maiuri Nuova Silloge 562 ([place name] Cos).

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > περίοδος

  • 13 μετατίθημι

    μετατίθημι by-form pres. 3 pl. μετατίθονται AcPl Ha 2, 26 (s. B-D-F §94, 1); fut. μεταθήσω Is 29:14; 1 aor. μετέθηκα; 2 aor. ptc. μεταθείς. Pass.: fut. 3 sg. μετατεθήσεται Is 29:17; 1 aor. μετετέθην (Hom.+) gener. ‘change (the position of)’.
    ① to convey from one place to another, put in another place, transfer τὴν χεῖρα ἐπί τι transfer your hand to someth. 13:5. W. acc. of pers. and indication of the goal μεταθέντες αὐτὸν ἐπὶ τὴν καροῦχαν they had him transferred to the carriage MPol 8:2. Pass.: of corpses μετετέθησαν εἰς Συχέμ they were brought back to Shechem Ac 7:16. W. indication of the place fr. which ἐκ τῶν βασάνων be removed from (the place of) torment Hv 3, 7, 6 (μετατίθημι ἐκ as a grave-ins fr. Amastris: JÖAI 28 Beibl. ’33, col. 81f no. 39). Of Enoch be taken up, translated, taken away (to heaven) Hb 11:5a; 1 Cl 9:3 (cp. Sir 44:16; Wsd 4:10); the act. in the same sense and of the same person Hb 11:5b (Gen 5:24).
    ② to effect a change in state or condition, change, alter (Hdt. 5, 68 et al.; Jos., Ant. 15, 9; IAndrosIsis, Kyme 4: the νόμοι of Isis are not subject to alteration by humans) τὶ εἴς τι someth. into someth. (Esth 4:17s μετάθες τὴν καρδίαν αὐτοῦ εἰς μῖσος) τὴν τοῦ θεοῦ ἡμῶν χάριτα εἰς ἀσέλγειαν pervert the grace of our God to dissoluteness Jd 4. Pass. μετατιθεμένης τῆς ἱερωσύνης when the priesthood is changed, i.e. passed on to another Hb 7:12 (Jos., Ant. 12, 387 of the transfer of the office of high priest to another person).—Of a severe alteration in condition collapse μεγάλαι πόλεις μετατίθονται AcPl Ha 2, 25f.
    ③ to have a change of mind in allegiance, change one’s mind, turn away, desert mid. (Polyb. 5, 111, 8; 24, 9, 6; Diod S 11, 4, 6; 2 Macc 7:24 ἀπὸ τ. πατρίων.—ὁ μεταθέμενος in Diog. L. 7, 166 and Athen. 7, 281d [the latter without the art.] refers to Dionysius the Turncoat, who left the Stoics and adopted Epicureanism) ἀπό τινος εἴς τι from someth. to someth. μ. ἀπὸ τοῦ καλέσαντος ὑμᾶς … εἰς ἕτερον εὐαγγέλιον desert him who called you (and turn) to another gospel Gal 1:6 (cp. Hierocles 7 p. 429: there is to be no yielding to μεταβαλλομένοις ἐκ τῆς περὶ φιλοσοφίαν σπουδῆς εἰς ἑτέραν τινὰ τοῦ βίου πρόθεσιν; Just., D. 47, 5 ἀπὸ εὐσεβείας … ἐπὶ … ἀθεότητα; Field, Notes 188). ἀπὸ τῶν χαλεπῶν ἐπὶ τὰ δίκαια turn away from evil to good MPol 11:1 (cp. Just., A I, 45, 6 and D. 107, 2 al.).—M-M. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > μετατίθημι

  • 14 ἐπιθυμία

    ἐπιθυμία, ας, ἡ (s. ἐπιθυμέω; Pre-Socr., Hdt.+)
    ① a great desire for someth., desire, longing, craving
    ⓐ as a neutral term, in Hdt., Pla., Thu. et al. αἱ περὶ τὰ λοιπὰ ἐ. desires for other things Mk 4:19. ἐ. πράξεων πολλῶν desire for much business Hm 6, 2, 5 (but mng. 2 below is also poss.). ἐ. τῆς ψυχῆς desire of the soul Rv 18:14.
    ⓑ of desire for good things (Diod S 11, 36, 5 ἐπιθ. τῆς ἐλευθερίας=for freedom; Pr 10:24 ἐ. δικαίου δεκτή; ἄνερ ἐπιθυμιῶν GrBar 1:3; Jos., C. Ap. 1, 111) ἐπιθυμίαν ἔχειν εἴς τι have a longing for someth. Phil 1:23 (ἐ. ἔχειν as Jos., C. Ap. 1, 255; ἐ. εἰς as Thu. 4, 81, 2). ἐπιθυμίᾳ ἐπιθυμεῖν (Gen 31:30) eagerly desire Lk 22:15 (s. on ἐπιθυμέω); ἐν πολλῇ ἐ. w. great longing 1 Th 2:17. ἐλπίζει μου ἡ ψυχὴ τῇ ἐπιθυμίᾳ μου μὴ παραλελοιπέναι τι I hope that, in accordance with my desire, nothing has been omitted B 17:1. ἡ ἐ. καὶ ἡ ἀγρυπνία 21:7. ε. ἀγαθὴν καὶ σεμνήν Hm 12, 1, 1.
    ② a desire for someth. forbidden or simply inordinate, craving, lust (as early as Plato, Phd. 83b ἡ τοῦ ὡς ἀληθῶς φιλοσόφου ψυχὴ οὕτως ἀπέχεται τ. ἡδονῶν τε καὶ ἐπιθυμιῶν κτλ.; Polystrat. p. 30; Duris [III B.C.]: 76 Fgm. 15 Jac.; then above all, the Stoics [EZeller, Philos. d. Griechen III/14, 1909, 235ff], e.g. Epict. 2, 16, 45; 2, 18, 8f; 3, 9, 21 al.; Maximus Tyr. 24, 4a μέγιστον ἀνθρώπῳ κακὸν ἐπιθυμία; Herm. Wr. 1, 23; 12, 4, also in Stob. p. 444, 10 Sc.; Wsd 4:12; Sir 23:5; 4 Macc 1:22; 3:2 al.; ApcMos 19 ἐ. … κεφαλὴ πάσης ἁμαρτίας; Philo, Spec. Leg. 4, 93, Leg. All. 2, 8, Vi. Cont. 74; Jos., Bell. 7, 261, Ant. 4, 143) Ro 7:7f; Js 1:14f; 2 Pt 1:4. ἐ. πονηρά (X., Mem. 1, 2, 64; Ar. 8, 4) Hv 1, 2, 4; 3, 7, 3; 3, 8, 4; m 8:5. ἐ. κακή (Pla., Leg. 9, 854a; Pr 12:12; 21:26; Just., A I, 10, 6) Col 3:5.—Of sexual desire (as early as Alcaeus [acc. to Plut., Mor. 525ab]; lead tablet fr. Hadrumetum 7 in Dssm., B 28 [BS 273ff] and IDefixWünsch no. 5 p. 23; PGM 17a, 9; 21; Sus Theod. 8; 11; 14 al., LXX 32; Jos., Ant. 4, 130; 132; Ath. 33, 1 μέτρον ἐπιθυμίας ἡ παιδοποιία; Did., Gen. 151, 27 ἄλογος ἐ.) D 3:3. πάθος ἐπιθυμίας 1 Th 4:5. κατʼ ἐπιθυμίαν (cp. Epict. 3, 15, 7; M. Ant. 2, 10, 1; 2; 3; Just., A II, 5, 4; Ath. 21, 1) in accordance with physical desire alone IPol 5:2. πρὸς ἐπιθυμίαν τ. ἀνθρώπων Ox 840, 38 (Ps.-Pla., Eryx. 21, 401e πρὸς τὰς ἐπιθυμίας τοῦ σώματος=to satisfy the desires of the body; cp. 405e: gambling, drunkenness and gluttony are called ἐπιθυμίαι.—In Ox 840, 38, since the ν in ἐπιθυμίαν is missing and restored, the word might also be ἐπιθυμίας.). ἐ. γυναικός (Da 11:37) Hm 6, 2, 5; 12, 2, 1. Pl. (oft. LXX; EpArist 256; Philo) w. παθήματα Gal 5:24. In a list of vices (cp. Philo, Congr. Erud. Grat. 172, Migr. Abr. 60, Vi. Cont. 2) 1 Pt 4:3; D 5:1. ἐ. πολλαὶ ἀνόητοι many foolish desires 1 Ti 6:9; νεωτερικαὶ ἐ. youthful desires 2 Ti 2:22 (WMetzger, TZ 33, ’77, 129–36); κατὰ τὰς ἰδίας ἐ. in accordance w. their own desires 4:3; cp. πρὸς τὰς ἰ. ἐ. Pol. 7:1; κατὰ τὰς ἐ. αὐτῶν AcPl Ha 8, 20 (for this: ἀνομίας AcPl BMM recto, 26, restored after Ox 1602, 27). αἱ πρότερον ἐν τῇ ἀγνοίᾳ ἐ. the desires that ruled over you formerly, when you were ignorant 1 Pt 1:14.—W. gen.: subjective gen. ἐ. ἀνθρώπων 1 Pt 4:2; τοῦ πατρὸς ὑμῶν J 8:44; gen. of quality ἐ. μιασμοῦ defiling passion 2 Pt 2:10; cp. μιαρὰς ἐ. 1 Cl 28:1; βδελυκτὰς ἐ. 30:1. ἐ. τῆς ἀπάτης deceptive desires Eph 4:22. τῶν ἐ. τῶν ματαίων 2 Cl 19:2; cp. Hm 11, 8. ἐ. τῶν ἀσεβειῶν Jd 18. ἐ. τῆς πονηρίας evil desire Hv 1, 1, 8. ἐ. τῆς ἀσελγείας 3, 7, 2; the gen. can also indicate the origin and seat of the desire ἐ. τῶν καρδιῶν of the hearts (Sir 5:2) Ro 1:24. τῆς καρδίας … τῆς πονηρᾶς 1 Cl 3:4. ἐ. τοῦ θνητοῦ σώματος Ro 6:12 (Ps.-Pla., Eryx. 21, 401e, s. above; Sextus 448 ἐπιθυμίαι τοῦ σώματος). τῆς σαρκός Eph 2:3; 1J 2:16; 2 Pt 2:18; B 10, 9. τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν 1J 2:16; to denote someth. to which desire belongs gener. vs. 17; σαρκικαὶ ἐ. (Hippol., Ref. 5, 9, 22; Did., Gen. 62, 3) 1 Pt 2:11; D 1:4; σωματικαὶ ἐ. (4 Macc 1:32) ibid.; κοσμικαὶ ἐ. worldly desires Tit 2:12; 2 Cl 17:3; ἐ. τῶν ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ Pol 5:3; εἰς ἐ. to arouse desires Ro 13:14; ποιεῖν τὰς ἐ. act in accordance w. the desires J 8:44. τελεῖν ἐ. σαρκός gratify the cravings of the flesh Gal 5:16; ὑπακούειν ταῖς ἐ. obey the desires Ro 6:12; δουλεύειν ἐ. be a slave to the desires Tit 3:3; cp. δοῦλος ἐπιθυμίας IPol 4:3. ἄγεσθαι ἐπιθυμίαις be led about by desires 2 Ti 3:6. πορεύεσθαι κατὰ τὰς ἐ. Jd 16; 18; 2 Pt 3:3; ἐν ἐπιθυμίαις (Sir 5:2) 1 Pt 4:3; ταῖς ἐ. τοῦ αἰῶνος τούτου Hs 6, 2, 3; 6, 3, 3; 7:2; 8, 11, 3. ἀναστρέφεσθαι ἐν ταῖς ἐ. Eph 2:3.—BEaston, Pastoral Ep. ’47, 186f; RAC II 62–78. S. πόθος.—Schmidt, Syn. III 591–601. M-M. TW. Sv.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ἐπιθυμία

  • 15 et

       et adv.    and conj.    I. adv., adding to a fact or thought, also, too, besides, moreover, likewise, as well, even: Ph. vale. Pa. et tu bene vale, T.: ‘tu tuom negotium gessisti bene.’ Gere et tu tuom bene: et Caelius profectus... pervenit, Cs.: et alia acies fundit Sabinos, L.: nam et testimonium saepe dicendum est: qui bellum gesserint, quom et regis inimici essent: id te et nunc rogo: Romulus et ipse arma tollens, L.: amisso et ipse Pacoro, Ta.: spatium non tenent tantum, sed et implent, Ta.—    II. As conj, and, as the simplest connective of words or clauses: cum constemus ex animo et corpore: dixerat et conripiunt spatium, V.: Xerxes et duo Artaxerxes, Macrochir et Mnemon, N.—After a negat., but: portūs capere non potuerunt, et infra delatae sunt, Cs.—After an emphatic word: hoc et erit simile, etc. (i. e. et hoc): Danaūm et... Ut caderem meruisse manu (i. e. et meruisse ut Danaūm manu cederem), V.: vagus et sinistrā Labitur ripā, H. — Regularly, either et introduces the second and each following word or clause, or no connective is used: Alco et Melampus et Tmolus, Alco, Melampus and Tmolus: et ipse bonus vir fuit, et multi Epicurei et fuerunt et hodie sunt et in amicitiis fideles et in omni vitā constantes et graves: Signini fuere et Norbani Saticulanique et Fregellani et Lucerini et, etc. (sixteen times), L.: sequebantur C. Carbo, C. Cato, et minime tum quidem Gaius frater, etc. —But the rule is often violated: consulibus, praetoribus, tribunis pl. et nobis... negotium dederat: fuere autem C. Duellius P. Decius Mus M. Papirius Q. Publilius et T. Aemilius, L.: abi, quaere et refer, H.: It, redit et narrat, H.—After multi, plurimi, tot (where no conj. is used in English): multae et magnae Cogitationes, many great thoughts: plurima et flagitiosissuma facinora, S.: tot et tantae et tam graves civitates.—Repeated, both... and, as well... as, on the one hand... on the other, not only... but also: et haec et alia: et in circo et in foro: Iovis Et soror et coniunx, V.: et publice et privatim: et est et semper fuit: et oratio et voluntas et auctoritas, as well... as... and.—The second or last et often introduces a climax, both... and in particular: homo et in aliis causis versatus et in hac multum versatus.— Corresponding with neque, both... and not, both not... and: via et certa neque longa: nec sapienter et me invito facit, both unwisely and against my protest: quia et consul aberat nec facile erat, etc., L.—Corresponding with -que, deinde, tum, instead of another et: et Epaminondas cecinisse dicitur, Themistoclesque, etc.: uti seque et oppidum tradat, S.: tela hastaque et gladius, L.: et in ceteris... tum maxime in celeritate: et publicani... deinde ex ceteris ordinibus homines.—After a negative, uniting two words or phrases: non errantem et vagam, sed stabilem sententiam: Nec pietate fuit nec bello maior et armis, V.—Uniting two words which form one conception: habere ad Catilinam mandata et litteras: pateris libamus et auro, V.: cernes urbem et promissa Moenia, V.: omnium artium ratio et disciplina, systematic cultivation: quam (medicinam) adfert longinquitas et dies, time: crescit oratio et facultas (i. e. dicendi facultas): a similitudine et inertiā Gallorum separari, from resembling their lack of enterprise, Ta.—Et non, and not, instead of neque: patior, iudices, et non moleste fero: exempla quaerimus et ea non antiqua: uti opus intermitteretur et milites contineri non possent, Cs.: pro decore tantum et non pro salute, L.: tantummodo in urbe et non per totam Italiam, S.: me ista curasse et non inrisisse potius, etc.; cf. otioso vero et nihil agenti privato: temere et nullo consilio: heredes sui cuique liberi, et nullum testamentum, Ta. — Adding a general to a special term, or a whole to one or more parts, and the rest, and all: Chrysippus et Stoici, and the Stoics in general: ad victum et ad vitam: procul ab Syracusis Siciliāque, L.—Adding a special to a general term, or a part to a whole, and in particular, and especially: si te et tuas cogitationes et studia perspexeris: tris (navīs) In brevia et Syrtīs urguet, V.: regnum et diadema, H. — Adding an explanation or enlargement of the thought, and indeed, and in fact, and moreover, and that, and besides: errabas, Verres, et vehementer errabas: hostis et hostis nimis ferus: cum hostis in Italiā esset, et Hannibal hostis, L.: te enim iam appello, et eā voce, ut, etc.: id, et facile, effici posse, N.: et domi quidem causam amoris habuisti: pictores, et vero etiam poëtae.—Introducing a parenthesis: ad praetorem— et ipse ita iubebat—est deductus, L.—Adding a result after an imper, and then, and so: Dic quibus in terris, et eris mihi magnus Apollo, V.—Introducing a strongly contrasted thought, and yet, and in spite of this, and... possibly, but still, but: et dubitas, quin sensus in morte nullus sit?: animo non deficiam et id perferam: in amicitiā nihil fictum (est), et quicquid est, id est verum.—After an expression of time, introducing a contemporaneous fact, and, and then, when, as: haec eodem tempore referebantur, et legati veniebant, Cs.: eādem horā Interamnae fuerat et Romae: simul consul de hostium adventu cognovit, et hostes aderant, S.—Introducing an immediate sequence in time, and then, when: Tantum effatus et in verbo vestigia torsit, V.: vixdum ad se pervenisse et audisse, etc., L.—Introducing the second term of a comparison, as, than, and: Nunc mihi germanu's pariter animo et corpore, T.: quod aeque promptum est mihi et adversario meo: haudquaquam par gloria sequitur scriptorem et actorem, S.: aliter docti et indocti.—Adversative, but, yet: gravis, severus, et saepius misericors, Ta.: magna corpora et tantum ad impetum valida, Ta.
    * * *
    and, and even; also, even; (et... et = both... and)

    Latin-English dictionary > et

  • 16 modestia

    mŏdestĭa, ae, f. [modestus], moderateness, moderation; esp. in one's behavior, unassuming conduct, modesty (opp. immodestia, superbia, licentia; class.).
    I.
    In gen.: eam virtutem Graeci sôphrosunên vocant:

    quam soleo equidem tum temperantiam, tum moderationem appellare, nonnumquam etiam modestiam,

    Cic. Tusc. 3, 8, 16; cf.:

    modestia est in animo continens moderatio cupiditatum,

    Auct. Her. 3, 2, 3:

    rectum dividitur in prudentiam, justitiam, fortitudinem, modestiam,

    id. ib.:

    disserebat de suā modestiā,

    want of confidence in himself, Tac. A. 1, 11 init. —
    II.
    In partic.
    A.
    Unassuming conduct, discretion, moderation, sobriety of behavior (the predom. signif. of the word):

    sarta tecta tua precepta usque habui mea modestia,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 36:

    sine modo et modestia,

    id. Bacch. 4, 3, 2:

    temperantiae partes sunt continentia, clementia, modestia,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 54, 164; cf.:

    modestia est, per quam pudor honestus claram et stabilem comparat auctoritatem,

    id. ib.:

    non minus se in milite modestiam et continentiam, quam virtutem et animi magnitudinem desiderare,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 52:

    in dicendo,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 5, 10:

    modestia et humanitas,

    id. Att. 7, 5, 2:

    neque modum, neque modestiam victores habent,

    Sall. C. 11, 4.—
    B. 1.
    Shame, shamefacedness, modesty:

    et sententiarum et compositionis et vocis et vultūs modestia,

    Quint. 4, 1, 55: virginalis, Pac. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 31, 66; cf.:

    primaeque modestia culpae Confundit vultus,

    Stat. Th. 2, 232; poet.: vacui lecti, i. e. (chaste) celibacy, id. Silv. 1, 2, 162.—
    2.
    Sense of honor, honor, dignity:

    neque sumptui, neque modestiae suae parcere,

    Sall. C. 14, 6.—
    C.
    As a transl. of the Gr. eutaxia, in the lang. of the Stoics, the quality of saying and doing everything in the proper place and at the proper time, correctness of conduct, propriety: sic fit, ut modestia haec, quam ita interpretamur, ut dixi, scientia sit opportunitatis idoneo rum ad agendum temporum, Cic. Off. 1, 40, 142 (v. the entire context).—
    D.
    (Post-Aug)
    1.
    Of the weather, mildness:

    hiemis,

    Tac. A. 12, 43 (cf.:

    clementia hiemis,

    Col. 5, 5, 6).—
    2.
    Of the course of a stream, gentleness:

    aquarum modestia,

    gentle course, Plin. 6, 20, 23, § 71.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > modestia

  • 17 reduco

    rĕ-dūco, xi, ctum, 3 (rēduco or redduco, Lucr. 1, 228; 4, 992; 5, 133; old imp. redduce, Ter. Hec. 4, 2, 29), v. a.
    I.
    To lead or bring back, to conduct back (very freq. and class.; syn. redigo).
    A.
    Lit.
    1.
    In gen.
    a.
    Of living objects:

    reducam te ubi fuisti,

    Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 106:

    hunc ex Alide huc reducimus,

    id. ib. 5, 4, 17; cf.:

    aliquem ex errore in viam,

    id. Ps. 2, 3, 2:

    aliquem de exsilio,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 4, 9; id. Att. 9, 14, 2; cf.:

    ab exsilio,

    Quint. 5, 11, 9:

    socios a morte,

    Verg. A. 4, 375:

    Silenium ad parentes,

    Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 86; so,

    ad aliquem,

    Cic. Off. 3, 22, 86; Caes. B. G. 6, 32; id. B. C. 1, 24; 2, 38 fin.; cf.:

    a pastu vitulos ad tecta,

    Verg. G. 4, 434:

    reduci in carcerem,

    Cic. Att. 4, 6, 2:

    in Italiam,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 18:

    reducere uxorem,

    to take again to wife, marry again, Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 31; 43; 3, 5, 51; 4, 4, 12 sq. al.; Nep. Dion, 6, 2; Suet. Dom. 3; 13; cf.:

    uxorem in matrimonium,

    id. ib. 8:

    regem,

    to restore to the throne, to reinstate, Cic. Rab. Post. 8, 19; id. Fam. 1, 2, 1; 1, 7, 4; id. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 3 (v. reductio):

    possum excitare multos reductos testes liberalitatis tuae,

    i. e. who have been brought back by your generosity, id. Rab. Post. 17, 47; cf.: cum in Italiam reductus existimabor, Pomp. ap. Caes. B. C. 3, 18, 4. —
    b.
    With inanimate objects, to draw back, bring back:

    (falces) tormentis introrsus reducebant,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 22:

    reliquas munitiones ab eā fossā pedes CCCC. reduxit,

    id. ib. 7, 22; cf.

    turres,

    id. ib. 7, 24 fin.: calculum, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 170, 30:

    in jaculando bracchia,

    Quint. 10, 3, 6:

    sinum dextrā usque ad lumbos,

    id. 11, 3, 131:

    ad pectora remos,

    Ov. M. 11, 461; Verg. A. 8, 689:

    clipeum,

    to draw back, Ov. M. 12, 132:

    gladium (opp. eduxit),

    Gell. 5, 9, 3:

    auras naribus,

    Lucr. 4, 990 al.:

    furcillas hibernatum in tecta,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 8, 6. — Poet.:

    solem reducit,

    Verg. A. 1, 143; so,

    diem (Aurora),

    id. G. 1, 249:

    lucem (Aurora),

    Ov. M. 3, 150:

    noctem die labente (Phoebus),

    Verg. A. 11, 914:

    aestatem,

    id. G. 3, 296:

    hiemes,

    Hor. C. 2, 10, 15:

    febrim,

    id. S. 2, 3, 294:

    somnum (cantus),

    id. C. 3, 1, 21 al.:

    umbram,

    to make the shadow move backwards, Vulg. 4 Reg. 20, 11.—
    2.
    In partic.
    a.
    Reducere aliquem domum (opp. deducere), to conduct or accompany one home, Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 19:

    (P. Scipio) cum senatu dimisso domum reductus ad vesperum est a patribus conscriptis,

    Cic. Lael. 3, 12; cf. Liv. 4, 24; cf.:

    quos Elea domum reducit Palma,

    Hor. C. 4, 2, 17.—So, without domum:

    in ludum (puellulam) ducere et reducere,

    Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 36:

    aliquem ad suam villam,

    Cic. Ac. 1, 1, 1:

    bene comitati per forum reducuntur,

    Quint. 12, 8, 3:

    quantā reduci Regulus solet turbā,

    Mart. 2, 74, 2: assurgi, deduci, reduci, Cic. Sen. 18, 63.—
    b.
    In milit. lang., to draw off, withdraw troops:

    vastatis omnibus eorum agris Caesar exercitum reduxit,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 29 fin.:

    legiones reduci jussit,

    id. B. C. 3, 46; so,

    exercitum (copias, legiones suas, etc.),

    id. B. G. 6, 29; 7, 68; id. B. C. 2, 28 fin.; Liv. 5, 5; Front. Strat. 2, 3, 1; 5; 2, 5, 13 sq.:

    suos incolumes,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 22; Front. Strat. 1, 1, 11; 5, 13:

    legiones ex Britanniā,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 38:

    a munitionibus,

    id. ib. 7, 88:

    ab oppugnatione,

    id. ib. 5, 26 fin.:

    in castra,

    id. ib. 1, 49 fin.; 1, 50; 2, 9;

    4, 34 et saep.: in hiberna,

    id. ib. 6, 3:

    in Treviros, etc.,

    id. ib. 5, 53; 7, 9 fin.; Liv. 43, 20:

    intra fossam,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 42; cf.:

    ab radicibus collis intra munitiones,

    id. B. G. 7, 51 fin. — Absol. (like duco and educo):

    instituit reducere,

    to march back, Front. Strat. 1, 4, 5 and 8.—
    c.
    To recall to the stage a player:

    a magno Pompeio magni theatri dedicatione anus pro miraculo deducta,

    Plin. 7, 48, 49, § 158.—
    B.
    Trop., to bring back, restore, replace:

    ad divitias,

    Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 17:

    animum aegrotum ad misericordiam,

    Ter. And. 3, 3, 27:

    aliquem in gratiam,

    id. ib. 5, 4, 45; Cic. Clu. 36, 101:

    in gratiam cum aliquo,

    id. Rab. Post. 8, 19; Liv. 10, 5 fin.; Quint. 5, 11, 19; cf.: ut Caesarem et Pompeium perfidiā hominum distractos rursus in pristinam concordiam reducas, Balbus ap. Cic. Att. 8, 15, A, 1:

    aliquem ad officium sanitatemque,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 40, § 98:

    propinquum ad officium,

    Nep. Dat. 2, 3:

    judices ad justitiam,

    Quint. 6, 1, 46:

    legiones veterem ad morem,

    Tac. A. 11, 18:

    meque ipse reduco A contemplatu,

    withdraw myself, Ov. Tr. 5, 7, 65:

    verba paulum declinata ad veritatem,

    Quint. 1, 6, 32:

    judicatio est ad eum statum reducenda,

    id. 7, 3, 35:

    reducere in memoriam quibus rationibus unam quamque partem confirmāris,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 52, 98; cf.:

    in memoriam gravissimi luctūs,

    Plin. Ep. 3, 10, 2:

    dolorem in animum judicantium,

    Quint. 11, 1, 54:

    vocem in quendam sonum aequabilem,

    Auct. Her. 3, 12, 21:

    verborum facilitatem in altum,

    Quint. 10, 7, 28:

    haec benignā in sedem vice,

    Hor. Epod. 13, 7 sq.:

    tu spem reducis mentibus anxiis Viresque,

    id. C. 3, 21, 17:

    diem et convivia mente re duxit,

    has recalled to mind, Sil. 8, 136:

    vel instituere vel reducere ejusmodi exemplum, etc.,

    to introduce again, restore, Plin. Ep. 4, 29, 3; so,

    habitum vestitumque pristinum,

    Suet. Aug. 40:

    morem transvectionis post longam intercapedinem,

    id. ib. 38. — To bring back, restore to the right path:

    scire est liberum Ingenium et animum, quo vis illos tu die Redducas,

    Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 44.—
    II.
    After the Aug. period, sometimes with the idea of ducere predominating, for the usual redigere (q. v. II.).
    * A.
    To bring or get out, to produce a certain quantity:

    LX. pondo panis e modio (milii) reducunt,

    Plin. 18, 7, 10, § 54.—
    B.
    To bring, make, reduce to some shape, quality, condition, etc. (rare;

    usually redigere): aliquid in formam,

    Ov. M. 15, 381:

    faecem in summum,

    to bring up, raise, Col. 12, 19, 4:

    excrescentes carnes in ulceribus ad aequalitatem efficacissime reducunt (just before, redigit),

    Plin. 30, 13, 39, § 113:

    cicatrices ad colorem,

    id. 27, 12, 82, § 106:

    corpus sensim ad maciem,

    id. 24, 8, 30, § 46:

    ulcera ac scabiem jumentorum ad pilum,

    id. 22, 22, 32, § 72.— Hence, rĕ-ductus, a, um, P. a., drawn back, withdrawn; of place, retired, remote, distant, lonely.
    A.
    Lit.:

    inque sinus scindit sese unda reductos,

    Verg. G. 4, 420; id. A. 1, 161; so,

    vallis,

    id. ib. 6, 703; Hor. C. 1, 17, 17; id. Epod. 2, 11.—
    B.
    Trop.:

    virtus est medium vitiorum et utrimque reductum,

    from either extreme, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 9.—

    In painting: alia eminentiora, alia reductiora fecerunt,

    less prominent, Quint. 11, 3, 46: producta et reducta (bona), a transl. of the Gr. proêgmena kai apoproêgmena of the Stoics, things to be preferred and those to be deferred, Cic. Fin. 5, 30, 90.— Sup. and adv. do not occur.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > reduco

  • 18 χάος

    χάος [pron. full] [ᾰ], εος, [dialect] Att. ους, τό,
    A chaos, the first state of the universe,

    πρώτιστα χ. γένετ', αὐτὰρ ἔπειτα Γαῖ' εὐρύστερνος κτλ. Hes.Th. 116

    , cf. Ibyc.28, Epich.170.3, Acus.Fr.5J., Arist.Metaph. 1091b6, Ar.Av. 693 (anap.);

    χάους.. παῖς καλεῦμαι Simm. Alae7

    ; represented sts. as infinite space, S.E.P.3.121, cf. Plot.6.8.11; sts. as unformed matter, Luc.Am.32 (esp., acc. to the Stoics, water, Zeno Stoic.1.29 (with deriv. fr. χέω)).
    2 space, the expanse of air,

    ἄτρυτον χ. B.5.27

    , cf. Ar.Nu. 424 (anap.), 627, Av. 1218.
    b τὸ χ. τοῦ ἐφ' ἑκάτερα ἀπείρου αἰῶνος, of infinite time, M.Ant.4.3.
    3 the nether abyss, infinite darkness, joined with Ἔρεβος, Pl.Ax. 371e; with ὄρφνη, Q.S. 2.614; represented as in the interior of the globe, Plu.2.953a; χάους κύνα, of Cerberus, APl.4.91.
    b generally, darkness, A.R.4.1697.
    4 any vast gulf or chasm, LXX Mi.1.6, Za.14.4; of a pit, Opp.C.4.92; of the gaping jaws of the crocodile, ib.3.414, cf. 4.161, H.5.52.
    5 Pythag. name for one, Theol.Ar.6.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > χάος

  • 19 παρακολουθέω

    παρακολουθέω fut. παρακολουθήσω; 1 aor. παρηκολούθησα; pf. παρηκολούθηκα (Aristoph., X., Pla.+; ins, pap, 2 Macc, TestSol; JosAs 29:6; ApcMos 8; Philo, Joseph., Just.; Tat. 12, 5; Ath.) ‘follow’.
    ① to be closely associated w. someone viewed as an authority figure, follow lit. of direct discipleship τοῖς πρεσβυτέροις Papias (2, 4); αὐτῷ: Jesus (2, 15).—Otherw.
    ② to be attendant upon, follow, accompany, attend w. dat. of pers. (τύχη ἡμῖν π. Demosth. 42, 21; Plut., Mor. 207e; πυρετοί μοι π. Demosth. 54, 11; βλάβη μοι π. PReinach 18, 15 [II B.C.]; 19, 12; PTebt 28, 2; PStras 22, 20. Cp. 2 Macc 8:11; Philo, Sacr. Abel. 70; Ath. 31, 1 [w. acc. and inf.]) σημεῖα τοῖς πιστεύσασιν ταῦτα παρακολουθήσει these signs will attend those who have come to believe Mk 16:17 (v.l. ἀκολουθήσει).
    ③ to conform to someone’s belief or practice by paying special attention, follow faithfully, follow as a rule (SIG 885, 32 π. τῇ περὶ τὸ θεῖον τῆς πόλεως θεραπείᾳ; PTebt 124, 4 [I B.C.] τῇ αὐτῶν π. πίστει; 2 Macc 9:27 π. τῇ ἐμῇ προαιρέσει) διδασκαλίᾳ 1 Ti 4:6; 2 Ti 3:10. This sense involves only a slight transference from ‘follow with the mind, understand, make one’s own’ (Demosth. et al.; esp. a t.t. of the Stoics) w. dat. of thing (Polyb. 3, 32, 2; Epict. 1, 6, 13 of intelligent awareness as opposed to mere functioning, the diff. between animals and humans; Vett. Val. 276, 23; SIG 718, 9 [c. 100 B.C.]; Just., D. 114, 1).
    ④ to pay careful attention to someth. in a segment of time, follow a thing, follow a course of events, take note of w. dat. of thing (Demosth. 18, 172 παρηκολουθηκότα τοῖς πράγμασιν ἐξ ἀρχῆς=one well acquainted with the affairs from the very beginning; 19, 257 ἀκριβέστατʼ εἰδὼς ἐγὼ καὶ παρηκολουθηκὼς ἅπασι κατηγορῶ=I bring my charges as one who has accurate knowledge and has followed everything; UPZ 71, 20 [152 B.C.] τῇ ἀληθείᾳ; Jos., C. Ap. 1, 53 personal acquaintance as opposed to information secured second-hand; 218 of inability to have a thorough grasp of certain writings: μετὰ πάσης ἀκριβείας … παρακολουθεῖν) ἐμοὶ παρηκολουθηκότι ἄνωθεν πᾶσιν ἀκριβῶς to me, with a firm grasp of everything from the beginning Lk 1:3 (s. HCadbury, Beginn. II 501f; Exp. 8th ser., 144, 1922, 401–20; NTS 3, ’56/57: 128ff having been familiar with, and M-M.; JRopes, JTS 25, 1924, 67–71.—GWhitaker, Exp. 8th ser., 118, 1920, 262–72; 119, 1920, 380–84; 121, 1921, 239ff; BBacon, Le témoignage de Luc sur luimême: RHPR 8, 1928, 209–26. Luke does not specify the means whereby he was able to assert his thorough familiarity [a rendering such as ‘research’ or ‘investigate’ depends on interpretation of the context and not on the semantic content of π.]. It can be assumed that some of it was derived from the kinds of sources cited in vs. 2. S. also s.v. ἀνατάσσομαι).—LAlexander, The Preface to Luke’s Gospel ’93, 127–31.—DELG s.v. ἀκόλουθος. M-M. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > παρακολουθέω

  • 20 praecipua

    praecĭpŭus, a, um, adj. [praecipio], that is taken before other things (cf. princeps): excipuum quod excipitur, ut praecipuum, quod ante capitur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 80 Müll.—Hence,
    I.
    Particular, peculiar, especial (class.;

    opp. communis),

    Cic. Sull. 3, 9; cf. id. ib. 4, 12; id. Fam. 4, 15, 2; cf. also id. Prov. Cons. 1, 2:

    non praecipuam, sed parem cum ceteris fortunae conditionem subire,

    id. Rep. 1, 4, 7.—
    B.
    In partic., in jurid. lang., that is received beforehand (esp. as an inheritance), special:

    praecipua dos,

    Dig. 33, 4, 2 fin.:

    peculium,

    ib. 40, 5, 23; Ter. Ad. 2, 3, 5; Plaut. Rud. 1, 3, 6.— Subst.: praecĭpŭum, ĭi, n., that which is received from an inheritance before the general distribution of the property:

    sestertium quingenties cum praecipuum inter legatarios habuisset,

    Suet. Galb. 5.—
    II.
    Transf., like eximius, special, chief, principal, excellent, distinguished, extraordinary:

    hic homo'st hominum omnium praecipuos,

    Plaut. Trin. 5, 1, 1: opera praecipua, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 9, 2:

    jus,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 19, 58: quos praecipuo semper honore Caesar habuit, Caes. B. G. 5, 52:

    natura ingenerat praecipuum quendam amorem in eos, qui procreati sunt,

    Cic. Off. 1, 4, 12:

    Cicero praecipuus in eloquentiā vir,

    Quint. 6, 3, 3; cf.:

    praecipuus scientiā rei militaris,

    Tac. A. 12, 40:

    vir praecipuus corpore viribusque,

    Plin. 7, 48, 49, § 154: mox praecipuus cui secreta imperatorum inniterentur ( the first), Tac. A. 3, 30.— Absol.:

    ex quibus praecipuos attingemus,

    Quint. 8, 3, 89:

    ponendus inter praecipuos,

    id. 10, 1, 116.—With gen.:

    philosophorum Platonem esse praecipuum,

    Quint. 10, 1, 81:

    praecipui amicorum,

    Tac. A. 15, 56 fin.:

    remedia calculo humano,

    Plin. 11, 49, 109, § 261:

    herba dentibus,

    id. 25, 13, 107, § 170; cf.:

    herba ad serpentium ictus,

    id. 8, 27, 41, § 97.— Subst.: praecĭpŭum, i, n., excellence, superiority:

    homini praecipui a naturā nihil datum esse,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 33, 110.— Plur.: praecĭpŭa, ōrum, n.
    I.
    In gen., matters of special importance:

    duo statim praecipua ex imperatoriā mente monstravit,

    Vop. Aur. 23, 1:

    principum diversam esse sortem, quibus praecipua rerum ad famam dirigenda,

    Tac. A. 4, 40. —
    II.
    Points of superiority, of excellence:

    aurigarum equorumque praecipua vel delicta,

    Amm. 14, 6, 25.—
    III.
    Esp., in the philos. lang. of the Stoics, principal or considerable things, things that come next to absolute good, the Gr. proêgmena, Cic. Fin. 3, 16, 52 (v. the passage in connection).— Hence, adv.: praecĭpŭē, chiefly, principally, eminently (class.; cf.:

    inprimis, maxime, potissimum, praesertim),

    Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 31:

    praecipue de consularibus disputare,

    Cic. Sull. 29, 82:

    praecipue florere,

    id. de Or. 1, 8, 30:

    semper Aeduorum civitati praecipue indulserat,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 40; id. B. C. 3, 68:

    rationem praestat praecipue analogia,

    Quint. 1, 6, 1:

    praecipue quidem apud Ciceronem,

    id. 1, 8, 11:

    fortasse ubique, in narratione tamen praecipue,

    id. 10, 1, 51:

    inferioribus praecipueque adulescentulis parcere decet,

    id. 11, 1, 68:

    praecipue sanus,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 108:

    quos praecipue fugiam,

    Juv. 3, 59:

    vivendum recte est cum propter plurima, tum his praecipue causis,

    id. 9, 119.—
    B.
    Transf., = praesertim, especially, particularly ( poet. and postAug.):

    sed perlectus liber utique ex integro resumendus, praecipueque oratio,

    Quint. 10, 1, 20:

    ostendunt admirabilem praecipue in aetate illā recti generis voluntatem,

    id. 10, 1, 89:

    pantheres, leones non attingunt perunctos eo, praecipue si et alium fuerit incoctum,

    Plin. 29, 4, 25, § 78; 29, 4, 34, § 107.—So with cum:

    sedulitas stulte urget, Praecipue cum se numeris commendat,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 261; Quint. 9, 2, 85; Plin. Ep. 3, 10, 4.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > praecipua

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